The invention provides an intelligent vehicle-mounted positioning terminal and a positioning method, which aim at defects of the existing navigation equipment. The intelligent vehicle-mounted positioning terminal comprises a positioning unit, a power supply unit, a communication unit and a display unit. The positioning method adopts the intelligent vehicle-mounted positioning terminal provided by the invention, and is implemented in four steps. The intelligent vehicle-mounted positioning terminal and the positioning method have the advantageous technical effects of adopting a high-precision GNSS positioning technology to obtain vehicle position information, and overcoming the technical difficulties of a satellite pseudo-range positioning algorithm adopted by the existing vehicle-mounted positioning system that the average positioning precision is about 10m, the lane-level positioning requirement cannot be satisfied and the satellite pseudo-range positioning algorithm is difficult to adapt to the modern intelligent transportation system. According to the intelligent vehicle-mounted positioning terminal and the positioning method, a carrier phase difference technology is adopted, a data transmission radio station is used for acquiring base station differential information, a precise measurement type antenna and a high-precision GNSS core board are utilized for acquiring satellite carrier phase information, vehicle position is calculated by utilizing a double difference algorithm, and the precision can reach cm level.