Dynamic power control and performance analysis of Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell - Battery hybrid system

Fuel Cells have limited dynamic behavior. Hence, to meet transient load requirements, they are used as hybrids with energy storage devices such as batteries, ultra capacitors etc in Fuel Cell Power Sources (FCPS). In the applications where the power requirement varies dynamically the reactant flow rates are required to be controlled as per the power requirements and also power flow between FC and battery is to be controlled. FCPS usually consists of a dc-dc power converter between FC and the load to regulate the load voltage in the face of a widely varying FC voltage. This paper presents a MATLAB Simulink® based dynamic model of FCPS for a 700W PAFC system with power controller and dynamic load model, for analyzing the dynamic performance and various parameters of the system. A lead acid battery of 17Ah is used to improve the transient response of the FCPS. All the analytical and simulation results are included. Experimental results are presented to validate the model with a dynamic load profile.

[1]  Kannan Govindan,et al.  Analysis and comparative study of pulsating current of fuel cells by inverter load with different po , 2011 .

[2]  S. R. Shaw,et al.  A dynamic PEM fuel cell model , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[3]  Chang-Soo Kim,et al.  Energy management strategies of a fuel cell/battery hybrid system using fuzzy logics , 2005 .

[4]  R. G. Colclaser,et al.  Transient modeling and simulation of a tubular solid oxide fuel cell , 1999 .

[5]  Huei Peng,et al.  Power management and design optimization of fuel cell/battery hybrid vehicles , 2007 .

[6]  Bill Diong,et al.  An improved small-signal model of the dynamic behavior of PEM fuel cells , 2003, 38th IAS Annual Meeting on Conference Record of the Industry Applications Conference, 2003..

[7]  Douglas J. Nelson,et al.  Fuel cell systems: efficient, flexible energy conversion for the 21st century , 2001, Proc. IEEE.

[8]  M.H. Nehrir,et al.  Dynamic models and model validation for PEM fuel cells using electrical circuits , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[9]  M. C. Williams.  Fuel cells and the world energy future , 2001, 2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262).

[10]  Andreas Jossen,et al.  Hybrid systems with lead–acid battery and proton-exchange membrane fuel cell , 2005 .

[11]  M. Farooque,et al.  Fuel cells-the clean and efficient power generators , 2001, Proc. IEEE.

[12]  S. Rael,et al.  Mathematical model and characterization of the transient behavior of a PEM fuel cell , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[13]  Kwang Y. Lee,et al.  Development of a stack simulation model for control study on direct reforming molten carbonate fuel cell power plant , 1999 .

[14]  J. Van Mierlo,et al.  Which energy source for road transport in the future? A comparison of battery, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles , 2006 .

[15]  Song-Yul Choe,et al.  A high dynamic PEM fuel cell model with temperature effects , 2005 .