A NEW COMPONENT OF VISCOUS RESISTANCE OF SHIPS

The finding of a new component of resistance is reported. From the experimental and theoretical studies it has been shown that 1) The component originates in the expenditure of energy due to the breakdown of bow waves. 2) The component can be caught by wake survey method and corresponds to the head losses which appear near the free surface and outside the usual frictional wake belt as the side peaks in head loss distributions. 3) At ballast condition of full ships, the component is much greater than the wave resistance component derived by wave analysis.