Risk-based route evaluation against country-specific criteria of risk tolerability for hazmat transportation through Indian State Highways

Abstract Risk-based route evaluation is necessary for decision making by authorities for regulating hazardous materials (hazmats) transport vehicles. The paper highlights risk estimation and its representation for three highway study routes in western India using frequency analysis through logic diagrams and scenario based detailed consequence analysis of accidental releases considering 26 hazmats from UN Classes-2, 3, 6 and 8 categories. The 3 routes have been evaluated based on several layers of analysis namely hazmat-wise, route-segment-wise, route-wise and overall assessment including presentation of normalized risk figures. The results show that compared to the risk on city route segment, individual risks on other two routes are higher and extend beyond ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable) region when assessed against HSE, UK risk criteria, whereas, societal risks on all three routes are within the ALARP except some part in the higher fatality area. But, considering the general mortality rates in India and sustained economic growth, the authors proposed widening of the ALARP region for individual risk tolerability of transportation activity of essential commodities that benefits society to a large extent in this developing economy. However, specific risk reduction measures have also been suggested to improve upon the risk picture in the study area.