Media Access Control and Resource Allocation in GPON

By taking advantage of the huge bandwidth provision of wavelength channels, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) passive optical network (PON) has become a promising future-proof access network technology to meet the rapidly increasing traffic demands resulted from the popularization of Internet and sprouting of bandwidth-demanding applications [7, 126]. In WDM PON, a number of wavelengths are used to provision bandwidth to ONUs in both upstream and downstream, rather than sharing a single wavelength in each stream in TDM PON. Since ONUs may share the usage of a number of wavelengths, a MAC layer control protocol is needed to coordinate the traffic transmission such that the collision between traffic from different ONUs can be avoided.

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