Consensus definition of sarcopenia, cachexia and pre-cachexia: joint document elaborated by Special Interest Groups (SIG) "cachexia-anorexia in chronic wasting diseases" and "nutrition in geriatrics".

[1]  V. Basevi Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus , 2011, Diabetes Care.

[2]  M Hiesmayr,et al.  Decreased food intake is a risk factor for mortality in hospitalised patients: the NutritionDay survey 2006. , 2009, Clinical nutrition.

[3]  S. Walrand,et al.  Changes in basal and insulin and amino acid response of whole body and skeletal muscle proteins in obese men. , 2009, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[4]  P. Ponikowski,et al.  Cachexia: a new definition. , 2008, Clinical nutrition.

[5]  R. Al-Jaouni,et al.  Sarcopenia is prevalent in patients with Crohn's disease in clinical remission , 2008, Inflammatory bowel diseases.

[6]  L. Ferrucci,et al.  Sarcopenic obesity: definition, cause and consequences , 2008, Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care.

[7]  P. D. di Prampero,et al.  Positive energy balance is associated with accelerated muscle atrophy and increased erythrocyte glutathione turnover during 5 wk of bed rest. , 2008, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[8]  Tony Reiman,et al.  Prevalence and clinical implications of sarcopenic obesity in patients with solid tumours of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts: a population-based study. , 2008, The Lancet. Oncology.

[9]  Claude Pichard,et al.  Prognostic impact of disease-related malnutrition. , 2008, Clinical nutrition.

[10]  M. Muscaritoli,et al.  New strategies to overcome cancer cachexia: from molecular mechanisms to the 'Parallel Pathway'. , 2008, Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition.

[11]  B. Bistrian Systemic response to inflammation. , 2007, Nutrition reviews.

[12]  David R. Thomas,et al.  Loss of skeletal muscle mass in aging: examining the relationship of starvation, sarcopenia and cachexia. , 2007, Clinical nutrition.

[13]  A. Inui,et al.  Anorexia in Hemodialysis Patients: The Possible Role of Des-Acyl Ghrelin , 2007, American Journal of Nephrology.

[14]  Stephan von Haehling,et al.  Nutrition, metabolism, and the complex pathophysiology of cachexia in chronic heart failure. , 2007, Cardiovascular research.

[15]  C. Stewart,et al.  Waste management - cytokines, growth factors and cachexia. , 2006, Cytokine & growth factor reviews.

[16]  K. Fearon,et al.  Definition of cancer cachexia: effect of weight loss, reduced food intake, and systemic inflammation on functional status and prognosis. , 2006, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[17]  M. Muscaritoli,et al.  IGF-1 is downregulated in experimental cancer cachexia. , 2006, American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.

[18]  R. Wolfe,et al.  Insulin resistance of muscle protein metabolism in aging , 2006, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[19]  M. Tisdale Clinical anticachexia treatments. , 2006, Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.

[20]  J. Morley,et al.  Cachexia: pathophysiology and clinical relevance. , 2006, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[21]  G. Van den Berghe,et al.  Introductory to the ESPEN Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Terminology, definitions and general topics. , 2006, Clinical nutrition.

[22]  L. Moldawer,et al.  The origins of cachexia in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. , 2006, Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.

[23]  G. Mantovani,et al.  Cachexia related to multiple causes , 2006 .

[24]  S. Anker,et al.  Cachexia and Wasting: A Modern Approach , 2006 .

[25]  R. Bellantone,et al.  Prevention and treatment of cancer cachexia: new insights into an old problem. , 2006, European journal of cancer.

[26]  M. Rocco,et al.  Self-reported appetite, hospitalization and death in haemodialysis patients: findings from the Hemodialysis (HEMO) Study. , 2005, Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association.

[27]  G. Goldspink Impairment of IGF-I gene splicing and MGF expression associated with muscle wasting. , 2005, The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology.

[28]  G. O’Keefe,et al.  Defining the proinflammatory phenotype using high sensitive C-reactive protein levels as the biomarker. , 2005, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[29]  R. Stratton Should food or supplements be used in the community for the treatment of disease-related malnutrition? , 2005, The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society.

[30]  E. Wouters,et al.  Body composition and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. , 2005, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[31]  G. Kuchel,et al.  Role of endocrine-immune dysregulation in osteoporosis, sarcopenia, frailty and fracture risk. , 2005, Molecular aspects of medicine.

[32]  S. Wigmore,et al.  Systemic inflammation, cachexia and prognosis in patients with cancer , 2005, Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care.

[33]  A. Inui,et al.  Therapy Insight: cancer anorexia–cachexia syndrome—when all you can eat is yourself , 2005, Nature Clinical Practice Oncology.

[34]  Rocco Barazzoni,et al.  Metabolic consequences of physical inactivity. , 2005, Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation.

[35]  Irving Kushner,et al.  C-reactive Protein* , 2004, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[36]  M. Elia,et al.  Malnutrition in hospital outpatients and inpatients: prevalence, concurrent validity and ease of use of the ‘malnutrition universal screening tool’ (‘MUST’) for adults† , 2004, British Journal of Nutrition.

[37]  P. Gachon,et al.  Impaired anabolic response of muscle protein synthesis is associated with S6K1 dysregulation in elderly humans , 2004, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[38]  K. Kalantar-Zadeh,et al.  Appetite and inflammation, nutrition, anemia, and clinical outcome in hemodialysis patients. , 2004, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[39]  S. Allison,et al.  Basics in Clinical Nutrition , 2004 .

[40]  D. Cella,et al.  Re-validation and Shortening of the Functional Assessmentof Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy (FAACT) Questionnaire , 2004, Quality of Life Research.

[41]  A. Laviano,et al.  Cancer anorexia: clinical implications, pathogenesis, and therapeutic strategies. , 2003, The Lancet. Oncology.

[42]  M. Elia,et al.  ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002. , 2003, Clinical nutrition.

[43]  P. Costelli,et al.  Mechanisms of skeletal muscle depletion in wasting syndromes: role of ATP‐ubiquitin‐dependent proteolysis , 2003, Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care.

[44]  Hosam K Kamel,et al.  Sarcopenia and aging. , 2003, Nutrition reviews.

[45]  Marinos Elia,et al.  Disease-related Malnutrition: An Evidence-based Approach to Treatment , 2003 .

[46]  M. Narici,et al.  Microgravity as a model of ageing , 2003, Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care.

[47]  M. Tisdale The 'cancer cachectic factor' , 2003, Supportive Care in Cancer.

[48]  M. Plauth,et al.  Cachexia in liver cirrhosis. , 2002, International journal of cardiology.

[49]  S. Anker,et al.  Cardiac cachexia in early literature: a review of research prior to Medline. , 2002, International journal of cardiology.

[50]  W. Frontera,et al.  Longitudinal changes in body composition in older men and women: role of body weight change and physical activity. , 2002, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[51]  Robert Ross,et al.  Low Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass (Sarcopenia) in Older Persons Is Associated with Functional Impairment and Physical Disability , 2002, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[52]  D. Walsh,et al.  Assessment of nutritional status and prognosis in advanced cancer: interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and the prognostic and inflammatory nutritional index , 2002, Supportive Care in Cancer.

[53]  D. Walsh,et al.  Symptoms and prognosis in advanced cancer , 2002, Supportive Care in Cancer.

[54]  T. Cederholm,et al.  Treatment of protein-energy malnutrition in chronic nonmalignant disorders. , 2001, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[55]  R. Roubenoff Origins and clinical relevance of sarcopenia. , 2001, Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee.

[56]  P. Ritz,et al.  Differential insulin sensitivities of glucose, amino acid, and albumin metabolism in elderly men and women. , 2001, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[57]  Suzanne G. Leveille,et al.  Lower extremity function and subsequent disability: consistency across studies, predictive models, and value of gait speed alone compared with the short physical performance battery. , 2000, The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences.

[58]  C. Pichard,et al.  Body composition measurements during wasting diseases. , 1998, Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care.

[59]  F. López‐Soriano,et al.  Catabolic proinflammatory cytokines. , 1998, Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care.

[60]  S. Heymsfield,et al.  Epidemiology of sarcopenia among the elderly in New Mexico. , 1998, American journal of epidemiology.

[61]  S. Kritchevsky,et al.  Research hypotheses on muscle wasting, aging, loss of function and disability. , 1998, The journal of nutrition, health & aging.

[62]  O. Riggio,et al.  Plasma tryptophan levels and anorexia in liver cirrhosis. , 1997, The International journal of eating disorders.

[63]  W. Evans What is sarcopenia? , 1995, The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences.

[64]  M. C. Crim,et al.  Elderly women accommodate to a low-protein diet with losses of body cell mass, muscle function, and immune response. , 1995, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[65]  U. Testa,et al.  Cytokines, tryptophan and anorexia in cancer patients before and after surgical tumor ablation. , 1994, Anticancer research.

[66]  I. H. Rosenberg,et al.  Summary comments : Epidemiological and methodological problem in determining nutritional status of older persons , 1989 .

[67]  F. Ceci,et al.  Plasma tryptophan and anorexia in human cancer. , 1986, European journal of cancer & clinical oncology.

[68]  Gerry Purdy,et al.  Summary comments , 1981, SIGB.