A Scaffolding Design for Pedagogical Agents within the Higher-Education Context

The use of scaffolding in the design of pedagogical agents has been carried out by many researchers and has a significant impact on online learning. However, how scaffolding by pedagogical agents is applied to individual and group settings is not clearly understood. The scaffolding design in this study consists of an integration of metacognitive scaffolding and motivation scaffolding. The integration of scaffolding will be utilized by a pedagogical agent to facilitate blended learning in a higher education context and we will evaluate the effectiveness of our pedagogical agent model using a quasi-experiment. In this research, we design scaffolding for pedagogical agents within the higher-education context.

[1]  Maggie Hartnett,et al.  Motivation in Online Education , 2016 .

[2]  Kristen Shand,et al.  Principles of Course Redesign: A Model for Blended Learning , 2016 .

[3]  Zahide Yıldırım,et al.  Web-Based Metacognitive Scaffolding for Internet Search , 2018, Journal of Educational Technology Systems.

[4]  Brian R. Belland,et al.  Instructional Scaffolding in STEM Education: Strategies and Efficacy Evidence , 2016 .

[5]  B. Belland.  Scaffolding: Definition, Current Debates, and Future Directions , 2014 .

[6]  Noah L. Schroeder,et al.  How Effective are Pedagogical Agents for Learning? A Meta-Analytic Review , 2013 .

[7]  John W. Creswell,et al.  Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches , 2010 .

[8]  D. Garrison,et al.  Toward the development of a metacognition construct for communities of inquiry , 2013, Internet High. Educ..

[9]  N. Frey,et al.  Guided Instruction: How to Develop Confident and Successful Learners , 2010 .

[10]  รศ.ดร.ธีรศักดิ์ อุ่นอารมย์เลิศ,et al.  Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches , 2016 .

[11]  Harry Budi Santoso,et al.  The Design and Impact of the Pedagogical Agent: A Systematic Literature Review , 2019, The Journal of Educators Online.

[12]  Yun-Jo An,et al.  Scaffolding Wiki-Based, Ill-Structured Problem Solving in an Online Environment Andamios Cognitivos Basados en Wiki, Solución de Problemas Mal Estructurados en un Ambiente Online , 2010 .

[13]  C. Goldspink,et al.  Student Engagement and Quality Pedagogy , 2006 .

[14]  J. Mackiewicz,et al.  Motivational Scaffolding, Politeness, and Writing Center Tutoring , 2013, Writing Center Journal.

[15]  Harry B. Santoso,et al.  Investigation of motivation theory on pedagogical agents design in the online learning environment , 2018, ICETC '18.

[16]  A. Efklides.  Interactions of Metacognition With Motivation and Affect in Self-Regulated Learning: The MASRL Model , 2011 .