Experimental and Simulation Study of Resistive Helical HTS Fault Current Limiters: Quench and Recovery Characteristics

Resistive type fault current limiters (SFCLs) have attracted lots of attention from research interests and engineering applications, due to their self-triggering, fast and effective fault current limitation ability. Fast recovery of SFCL after quench is highly attractive, yet still remains challenge when recover with load compared to recovering without load. We investigated the dependence of recovery time of a helical SFCL coil on the ratio of prospective current over critical current <italic>I</italic><sub>pros</sub>/<italic>I</italic><sub>c</sub>. A multilayer simulation model was built in MATLAB/Simulink to investigate the electro-thermal behavior of SFCL coil during a fault and recovery period, and the model was validated by experimental results. Quench simulations were carried out under different <italic>I</italic><sub>pros</sub>/<italic>I</italic><sub>c</sub>, ranging from 15 to 119 and in different recovery conditions including recovery with load condition and recovery without load condition, while keeping the fault duration of 100 ms. We observed that the SFCL coil reached 85 K and 195 K at the time when the fault was cleared, in the quench tests with <italic>I</italic><sub>pros</sub>/<italic>I</italic><sub>c</sub> = 15 and 119, respectively. SFCL coil recovered without load in 0.5 s to 10 s, depending on the ratio of <italic>I</italic><sub>pros</sub>/<italic>I</italic><sub>c</sub>.

[1]  X. Zeng,et al.  A Novel Helical Superconducting Fault Current Limiter for Electric Propulsion Aircraft , 2021, IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification.

[2]  Zhenan Jiang,et al.  AC Losses in Noninductive SFCL Solenoidal Coils Wound by Parallel Conductors , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[3]  Satoru Yanabu,et al.  A CO2/O2 Mixed Gas DC Circuit Breaker With Superconducting Fault Current-Limiting Technology , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[4]  M. Yazdani-Asrami,et al.  Heat transfer and recovery performance enhancement of metal and superconducting tapes under high current pulses for improving fault current-limiting behavior of HTS transformers , 2020, Superconductor Science and Technology.

[5]  W. T. B. de Sousa,et al.  Resistivity of REBCO tapes in overcritical current regime: impact on superconducting fault current limiter modeling , 2020, Superconductor Science and Technology.

[6]  W. Yuan,et al.  No-Insulation High-Temperature Superconductor Winding Technique for Electrical Aircraft Propulsion , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification.

[7]  X. Zeng,et al.  Analysing Faults and SFCL Response in Electric Aircraft , 2020, Journal of Physics: Conference Series.

[8]  Yingsan Geng,et al.  Study on the Parameter Requirements for Resistive-Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiters Combined With Mechanical DC Circuit Breakers in Hybrid AC/DC Transmission Grids , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[9]  Yingsan Geng,et al.  Short-circuit fault current-limiting characteristics of a resistive-type superconducting fault current limiter in DC grids , 2020, Superconductor Science and Technology.

[10]  M. Elshiekh.  Increasing wind energy integration into power grids using multifunctional superconducting devices design , 2020 .

[11]  Francesco Grilli,et al.  Overview of H-Formulation: A Versatile Tool for Modeling Electromagnetics in High-Temperature Superconductor Applications , 2020, IEEE Access.

[12]  Mathias Noe,et al.  Status of the European Union Project FASTGRID , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[13]  B. Shen,et al.  Investigation on Power Dissipation in the Saturated Iron-Core Superconducting Fault Current Limiter , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[14]  F. Grilli,et al.  Overcritical Current Resistivity of YBCO-Coated Conductors Through Combination of PCM and Finite-Element Analysis , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[15]  Mohammad Yazdani-Asrami,et al.  Fault current limiting HTS transformer with extended fault withstand time , 2019, Superconductor Science and Technology.

[16]  R. Badcock,et al.  Experimental and numerical transport AC losses in a four-strand Roebel cable bifilar stack , 2018, Superconductor Science and Technology.

[17]  S. M. Mirimani,et al.  Investigation on Effect of Magnetic Field Dependency Coefficient of Critical Current Density on the AC Magnetizing Loss in HTS Tapes Exposed to External Field , 2018 .

[18]  Seyyed Mehdi Mirimani,et al.  Calculation of AC Magnetizing Loss of ReBCO Superconducting Tapes Subjected to Applied Distorted Magnetic Fields , 2018 .

[19]  Xi Chen,et al.  Effectiveness of Superconducting Fault Current Limiting Transformers in Power Systems , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[20]  Jianhua Wang,et al.  DC Interrupting With Self-Excited Oscillation Based on the Superconducting Current-Limiting Technology , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[21]  Jong-Geon Lee,et al.  Impact of SFCL on the Four Types of HVDC Circuit Breakers by Simulation , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[22]  Y. Wang,et al.  Self-protection mechanisms in no-insulation (RE)Ba2Cu3Ox high temperature superconductor pancake coils , 2016 .

[23]  Du-Xing Chen,et al.  Transport ac losses of a second-generation HTS tape with a ferromagnetic substrate and conducting stabilizer , 2015 .

[24]  W. Yuan,et al.  Modeling and Experiment of the Current Limiting Performance of a Resistive Superconducting Fault Current Limiter in the Experimental System , 2015, Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism.

[25]  A. Polasek,et al.  Thermal–electrical analogy for simulations of superconducting fault current limiters , 2014 .

[26]  W. T. B. de Sousa,et al.  Recovery of Superconducting State in an R-SCFCL MCP-BSCCO-2212 Assembly , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[27]  Antonio Morandi,et al.  State of the art of superconducting fault current limiters and their application to the electric power system , 2013 .

[28]  Xiaoze Pei,et al.  Superconducting fault current limiter with integrated vacuum interrupter , 2012 .

[29]  M. Schwarz,et al.  Thermal conductivity of materials used for preparation of the hybrid layered conductors based on high temperature superconductors , 2012 .

[30]  L. Martini,et al.  Conceptual Design of a 24 kV, 1 kA Resistive Superconducting Fault Current Limiter , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[31]  M. Vojenčiak,et al.  AC Transport Loss of Coated Conductors in Anti-Parallel Arrangement , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[32]  F. Grilli,et al.  Magneto-Thermal Modeling of Second-Generation HTS for Resistive Fault Current Limiter Design Purposes , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[33]  Dong Keun Park,et al.  Thermal and Electrical Analysis of Coated Conductor Under AC Over-Current , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[34]  Mathias Noe,et al.  High-temperature superconductor fault current limiters: concepts, applications, and development status , 2007 .

[35]  R. A. Matula.  Electrical resistivity of copper, gold, palladium, and silver , 1979 .

[36]  C. Ho,et al.  Electrical Resistivity and Thermal Conductivity of Nine Selected AISI stainless Steels , 1977 .