Harmonic reduction methods for electrical generation: a review

This study provides a comprehensive literature review of techniques for harmonic related power quality improvement of electrical generation systems. Increasing interest in these aspects is due to ever more stringent power quality requirements, deriving from new grid codes and compliance standards, aimed at limiting waveform harmonic distortion at all points of the distribution network. Although a wealth of literature is available for such techniques, it has never been compiled into a handbook incorporating all the solutions aimed at both electrical machine and power system engineers.

[1]  Jin Wang,et al.  Online Selective Harmonic Compensation and Power Generation With Distributed Energy Resources , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[2]  A. Eigeles Emanuel Harmonics in the early years of electrical engineering: a brief review of events, people and documents , 2000, Ninth International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX441).

[3]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Distributed Active Synchronization Strategy for Microgrid Seamless Reconnection to the Grid Under Unbalance and Harmonic Distortion , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[4]  Federico Barrero,et al.  Recent Advances in the Design, Modeling, and Control of Multiphase Machines—Part II , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[5]  Frede Blaabjerg,et al.  An Enhanced Islanding Microgrid Reactive Power, Imbalance Power, and Harmonic Power Sharing Scheme , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[6]  S. Mark Halpin Harmonics in Power Systems , 2018 .

[7]  A.R.A. El-Keib,et al.  Power system analysis: short-circuit load flow and harmonics , 2002 .

[8]  Weizhong Fei,et al.  Comparative Study of Air-Cored Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Machines With Different Stator Winding Configurations , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[9]  C. Gerada,et al.  Design considerations for an outer rotor, field wound, flux switching machine , 2012, 2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines.

[10]  Valéria Hrabovcová,et al.  Design of Rotating Electrical Machines , 2009 .

[11]  Alexander Schwery,et al.  Cooling Airflow, Losses, and Temperatures in Large Air-Cooled Synchronous Machines , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[12]  O. G. C. Dahl Transformer harmonics and their distribution , Journal of the A.I.E.E..

[13]  Yun Wei Li,et al.  A Flexible Harmonic Control Approach Through Voltage-Controlled DG–Grid Interfacing Converters , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[14]  F. Blaabjerg,et al.  An improved current control scheme for grid-connected DG unit based distribution system harmonic compensation , 2013, 2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC).

[15]  Math Bollen Overview of Power Quality and Power Quality Standards , 2000 .

[16]  Esmaeil Ebrahimzadeh,et al.  Harmonic Stability and Resonance Analysis in Large PMSG-Based Wind Power Plants , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[17]  Xiangning He,et al.  Voltage unbalance and harmonics compensation for islanded microgrid inverters , 2014 .

[18]  Comfort A. Adams Electromotive force wave-shape in alternators , Proceedings of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

[19]  Frede Blaabjerg,et al.  A Robust Synchronization to Enhance the Power Quality of Renewable Energy Systems , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[20]  G. Faccioli Triple harmonics in transformers , 1922, Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

[21]  Chris Gerada,et al.  A Fast Method for Modeling Skew and Its Effects in Salient-Pole Synchronous Generators , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[22]  David Gerada,et al.  Improved Damper Cage Design for Salient-Pole Synchronous Generators , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[23]  P. M. Lincoln Wave Form Distortions and their Effects on Electrical Apparatus , 1913, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

[24]  E.L. Owen,et al.  A history of harmonics in power systems , 1998, IEEE Industry Applications Magazine.

[25]  Vinod Khadkikar,et al.  Direct Control of the Inverter Impedance to Achieve Controllable Harmonic Sharing in the Islanded Microgrid , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[26]  Malabika Basu,et al.  Integration of UPQC for Power Quality improvement in distributed generation network - a review , 2011, 2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies.

[27]  Alessandro Costabeber,et al.  Flexible active compensation based on load conformity factors applied to non-sinusoidal and asymmetrical voltage conditions , 2016 .

[28]  T. S. Eden Relative Merits of Y and Delta Connection for Alternators , 1914, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

[29]  R. B. Robinson Harmonics in a.c. rotating machines , 1962 .

[30]  Chowdhury Andalib-Bin-Karim,et al.  Harmonic mitigation through advanced control methods for grid-connected renewable energy sources , 2017, 2017 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.

[31]  Z. Q. Zhu,et al.  A Novel Integrated Power Quality Controller for Microgrid , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[32]  Ion Boldea,et al.  Large- and Medium-Power Synchronous Generators: Topologies and Steady State , 2015 .

[33]  Thomas Feldmann,et al.  High-performance control system for grid-tied ESSs , 2017 .

[34]  Alessandro Costabeber,et al.  Power quality improvement by pre-computed modulated field current for synchronous generators , 2017, 2017 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD).

[35]  R. B. George,et al.  Generator Damper windings at Wilson Dam , 1939, Electrical Engineering.

[36]  Gladstone W. Worrall Magnetic oscillations in alternators , 1907 .

[37]  Urban Lundin,et al.  Design and construction of a synchronous generator test setup , 2010, The XIX International Conference on Electrical Machines - ICEM 2010.

[38]  Neil Brown,et al.  Damper cage loss reduction and no-load voltage THD improvements in salient-pole synchronous generators , 2016 .

[39]  C. F. Wagner Damper Windings for Water-Wheel Generators , 1931, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

[40]  C. Gerada,et al.  Design of a high force density tubular permanent magnet motor , 2010, The XIX International Conference on Electrical Machines - ICEM 2010.

[41]  W. J. Foster Potential Waves of Alternating-Current Generators , 1913, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

[42]  Alessandro Costabeber,et al.  Stability Boundary Analysis in Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverters With PLL by LTP Theory , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[43]  Hsiung Cheng Lin Identification of interharmonics using disperse energy distribution algorithm for flicker troubleshooting , 2016 .

[44]  Alireza Jalilian,et al.  Indices for measurement of harmonic distortion in power systems according to IEC 61000-4-7 standard , 2015 .

[45]  Timothy C. Green,et al.  Harmonic and reactive power compensation as ancillary services in inverter-based distributed generation , 2007 .

[46]  Jens Bache-Wiig Application of fractional pitch windings to alternating-current generators , Proceedings of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

[47]  John E. Fletcher,et al.  Performance of a Sensorless Controlled Concentrated-Wound Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machine at Low and Zero Speed , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[48]  E. Davies,et al.  Electrical machines , 2006, 2006 Eleventh International Middle East Power Systems Conference.

[49]  Steven Jordan,et al.  Winding Configurations for Five-Phase Synchronous Generators With Diode Rectifiers , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[50]  He Zhang,et al.  Sensitivity analysis for performance and power density improvements in salient-pole synchronous generators , 2017, 2017 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD).

[51]  L. V. Bewley Induced Voltage of Electrical Machines , 1930, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

[52]  S. P. Smith The non-salient pole turbo-alternator and its characteristics , 1911 .

[53]  Johan Rens,et al.  The effect of a reduced power quality on the energy efficiency of stand-alone generator systems , 2015, 2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC).

[54]  Alberto Tessarolo,et al.  Time-Stepping Finite-Element Analysis of a 14-MVA Salient-Pole Shipboard Alternator for Different Damper Winding Design Solutions , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[55]  G. F. Polyphase Electric Currents and Alternate Current Motors , 1896, Nature.

[56]  Zhen-nan Fan,et al.  No-Load Voltage Waveform Optimization and Rotor Heat Reduction of Tubular Hydro-Generator , 2012, 2012 Sixth International Conference on Electromagnetic Field Problems and Applications.

[57]  Leonard L. Grigsby,et al.  The Electric Power Engineering Handbook , 2000 .

[58]  Balarko Chaudhuri,et al.  Use of Smart Loads for Power Quality Improvement , 2017, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics.

[59]  Edward Wilson Kimbark,et al.  Power System Stability , 1948 .

[60]  V. Cuk,et al.  A review of international limits for harmonic voltages and currents in public networks , 2014, 2014 16th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power (ICHQP).

[61]  H. Wayne Beaty,et al.  Electrical Power Systems Quality , 1995 .

[62]  Weidong Xiao,et al.  Determining Optimal Location and Size of Distributed Generation Resources Considering Harmonic and Protection Coordination Limits , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[63]  A. Tessarolo Accurate Computation of Multiphase Synchronous Machine Inductances Based on Winding Function Theory , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[64]  Zhengming Zhao,et al.  Investigation and analysis of the influence of magnetic wedges on high voltage motors performance , 2008, 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.

[65]  Frede Blaabjerg,et al.  Harmonic Stability Assessment for Multiparalleled, Grid-Connected Inverters , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.