Molecular applications of volume rendering and 3-D texture maps

Molecular properties expressed as a 3D grid of scalar values (volumetric data) are effectively imaged by the techniques of volume rendering. In this paper, we describe a ray-tracing volume renderer and some of its macromolecular applications. Volumetric data may be rendered as a collection of cloud densities and zerothickness surfaces, surrounding a solid model of the molecular structure composed of spheres and cylinders. 3D texture mapping is used to display two volumetric data sets in one image, generating cloud opacities and surface levels with one data set and coloring with the second. Several refinements are described, including atmospheric depth cuing and zclipping.

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