Analysis of various factors affecting pupil size in patients with glaucoma

BackgroundPupil size is an important factor in predicting post-operative satisfaction. We assessed the correlation between pupil size, measured by Humphrey static perimetry, and various affecting factors in patients with glaucoma.MethodsIn total, 825 eyes of 415 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Pupil size was measured with Humphrey static perimetry. Comparisons of pupil size according to the presence of glaucoma were evaluated, as were correlations between pupil size and various factors, including age, logMAR best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, spherical equivalent, intraocular pressure, axial length, central corneal thickness, white-to-white, and the kappa angle.ResultsPupil size was significantly smaller in glaucoma patients than in glaucoma suspects (p < 0.001) or the normal group (p < 0.001). Pupil size decreased significantly as age (p < 0.001) and central cornea thickness (p = 0.007) increased, and increased significantly as logMAR BCVA (p = 0.02) became worse and spherical equivalent (p = 0.007) and RNFL thickness (p = 0.042) increased. In patients older than 50 years, pupil size was significantly larger in eyes with a history of cataract surgery.ConclusionsHumphrey static perimetry can be useful in measuring pupil size. Pupil size was significantly smaller in eyes with glaucoma. Other factors affecting pupil size can be used in a preoperative evaluation when considering cataract surgery or laser refractive surgery.

[1]  M. Wand,et al.  Thymoxamine test. Differentiating angle-closure glaucoma form open-angle glaucoma with narrow angles. , 1978, Archives of ophthalmology.

[2]  Michael V. Boland,et al.  Accuracy of pupil assessment for the detection of glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. , 2013, Ophthalmology.

[3]  L. Probst,et al.  Pupil measurement using the Colvard pupillometer and a standard pupil card with a cobalt blue filter penlight , 2006, Journal of cataract and refractive surgery.

[4]  William H Swanson,et al.  Rapid Pupil-Based Assessment of Glaucomatous Damage , 2008, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[5]  J. E. Mcdonald,et al.  Effect of brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution 0.2% on pupil size in normal eyes under different luminance conditions. , 2001, Journal of cataract and refractive surgery.

[6]  Reduction of pupil size and halos with minus lenses after laser in situ keratomileusis. , 2004, Journal of refractive surgery.

[7]  R. Krueger,et al.  Agreement and repeatability of infrared pupillometry and the comparison method. , 1999, Ophthalmology.

[8]  Scotopic measurement of normal pupil size with the Colvard pupillometer and the Nidek auto-refractor. , 2005, Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association.

[9]  H. Hayashi,et al.  Pupil size before and after phacoemulsification in nondiabetic and diabetic patients , 2004, Journal of cataract and refractive surgery.

[10]  Nancy I Fan-Paul,et al.  Night vision disturbances after corneal refractive surgery. , 2002, Survey of ophthalmology.

[11]  Hong Seok Kim,et al.  Comparison of Automatic Pupillometer and Pupil Card for Measuring Pupil Size , 2015 .

[12]  R. Nuijts,et al.  Comparison of two pupillometers in determining pupil size for refractive surgery. , 2006, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[13]  A. Brenning,et al.  Pupillographic measurements with pattern stimulation: the pupil's response in normal subjects and first measurements in glaucoma patients. , 2006, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[14]  W. Ryu,et al.  Pupil Size in the Normal Korean Population According to Age and Illuminance , 2011 .

[15]  G. Richard,et al.  Mesopic Pupil Size in a Refractive Surgery Population (13,959 Eyes) , 2012, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[16]  A. Robin,et al.  Short-term effects of unilateral 1% apraclonidine therapy. , 1988, Archives of ophthalmology.

[17]  Myoung Hee Park,et al.  The Effects of Prostaglandin Analogues on the Corneal Thickness , 2009 .

[18]  H. Bissen-Miyajima,et al.  Pupil sizes in different Japanese age groups and the implications for intraocular lens choice , 2009, Journal of cataract and refractive surgery.