Ebola Response Impact on Public Health Programs, West Africa, 2014–2017

Events such as the 2014–2015 West Africa epidemic of Ebola virus disease highlight the importance of the capacity to detect and respond to public health threats. We describe capacity-building efforts during and after the Ebola epidemic in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea and public health progress that was made as a result of the Ebola response in 4 key areas: emergency response, laboratory capacity, surveillance, and workforce development. We further highlight ways in which capacity-building efforts such as those used in West Africa can be accelerated after a public health crisis to improve preparedness for future events.

[1]  Jens H Kuhn,et al.  Molecular Evidence of Sexual Transmission of Ebola Virus. , 2015, The New England journal of medicine.

[2]  Eric J. Esswein,et al.  Initiation of a Ring Approach to Infection Prevention and Control at Non-Ebola Health Care Facilities — Liberia, January–February 2015 , 2015, MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.

[3]  Ian Goodfellow,et al.  Resurgence of Ebola Virus Disease in Guinea Linked to a Survivor With Virus Persistence in Seminal Fluid for More Than 500 Days , 2016, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[4]  C. Dolea,et al.  World Health Organization , 1949, International Organization.

[5]  M. Sloan,et al.  Notes from The Field: Ebola Virus Disease Cluster - Northern Sierra Leone, January 2016. , 2016, MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.

[6]  F. Mahoney,et al.  Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak — Nigeria, July–September 2014 , 2014, MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.

[7]  T. Nyenswah,et al.  Developing an Incident Management System to Support Ebola Response — Liberia, July–August 2014 , 2014, MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.

[8]  N. Loman,et al.  Unusual Ebola Virus Chain of Transmission, Conakry, Guinea, 2014–2015 , 2016, Emerging infectious diseases.

[9]  Mikiko Senga,et al.  Ebola virus disease in West Africa--the first 9 months of the epidemic and forward projections. , 2014, The New England journal of medicine.

[10]  Beth R. Crisp,et al.  Four approaches to capacity building in health: consequences for measurement and accountability , 2000 .

[11]  Paul Kellam,et al.  Rapid outbreak sequencing of Ebola virus in Sierra Leone identifies transmission chains linked to sporadic cases , 2016, Virus evolution.

[12]  W. Team Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa — The First 9 Months of the Epidemic and Forward Projections , 2014 .

[13]  Lise D. Martel,et al.  Assessments of Ebola knowledge, attitudes and practices in Forécariah, Guinea and Kambia, Sierra Leone, July–August 2015 , 2017, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

[14]  Kyla D. Retzer,et al.  Epidemiology of Epidemic Ebola Virus Disease in Conakry and Surrounding Prefectures, Guinea, 2014–2015 , 2016, Emerging infectious diseases.

[15]  Joel E. Oestreich UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME , 2000 .

[16]  Lise D. Martel,et al.  Notes from the Field: Baseline Assessment of the Use of Ebola Rapid Diagnostic Tests--Forécariah, Guinea, October-November 2015. , 2016, MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.

[17]  A. Galvani,et al.  Effects of Response to 2014–2015 Ebola Outbreak on Deaths from Malaria, HIV/AIDS, and Tuberculosis, West Africa , 2016, Emerging infectious diseases.

[18]  J. Klena,et al.  Laboratory Response to Ebola - West Africa and United States. , 2016, MMWR supplements.

[19]  Desmond E. Williams,et al.  Implementation of a National Semen Testing and Counseling Program for Male Ebola Survivors - Liberia, 2015-2016. , 2016, MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.