Mobile localisation with TOA, AOA and Doppler estimation in NLOS environments

In this paper, we present a novel nonline-of-sight (NLOS) positioning method for a mobile station (MS). Under the assumption of the Gaussian scatter density model (GSDM), the proposed scheme makes full use of the NLOS single reflection paths to improve the MS location accuracy. For the moving MS, a constrained optimisation method is proposed to jointly estimate the unknown MS and scatters' locations with time of arrival, angle of arrival and Doppler-shift frequency measurements. The proposed optimisation method is solved by a novel grid search algorithm (GSA), which combines the advantages of constrained optimisation and statistical signal processing methods. The MS location accuracy is further improved by using the weighted mean GSA instead of the arithmetic mean GSA. We also compared the location accuracy with the Cramer–Rao lower bound. Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms those existing methods significantly. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[1]  Anthony J. Weiss,et al.  Direction finding in the presence of mutual coupling , 1991 .

[2]  Shantidev Mohanty,et al.  VEPSD: a novel velocity estimation algorithm for next-generation wireless systems , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[3]  Yiu-Tong Chan,et al.  Passive localization from Doppler-shifted frequency measurements , 1992, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[4]  Xiaohu You,et al.  Grid-search-based hybrid TOA/AOA location techniques for NLOS environments , 2009, IEEE Communications Letters.

[5]  Hatem Boujemaa Signal Processing Extension of COMET algorithm to multiple diffuse source localization in azimuth and elevation , 2005, Eur. Trans. Telecommun..

[6]  Lingfen Sun,et al.  Range-Based Relative Velocity Estimations for Networked Mobile Devices , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[7]  James Caffery,et al.  Hybrid TOA/AOA techniques for mobile location in non-line-of-sight environments , 2004, 2004 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8733).

[8]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Overview of spatial channel models for antenna array communication systems , 1998, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[9]  La-or Kovavisaruch,et al.  Source Localization Using TDOA and FDOA Measurements in the Presence of Receiver Location Errors: Analysis and Solution , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[10]  Ramakrishna Janaswamy,et al.  Angle and time of arrival statistics for the Gaussian scatter density model , 2002, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[11]  Yiu-Tong Chan,et al.  Bearings-only and Doppler-bearing tracking using instrumental variables , 1992 .

[12]  Saipradeep Venkatraman,et al.  A novel ToA location algorithm using LoS range estimation for NLoS environments , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[13]  K. C. Ho,et al.  Doppler-Bearing Tracking in the Presence of Observer Location Error , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[14]  Y. Chan,et al.  Target localization and tracking from Doppler-shift measurements , 1990 .

[15]  Mamoru Sawahashi,et al.  Downlink transmission of broadband OFCDM Systems-part II: effect of Doppler shift , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[16]  K. C. Ho,et al.  An asymptotically unbiased estimator for bearings-only and Doppler-bearing target motion analysis , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.