4-Wire load flow analysis of a representative urban network incoprating SSEG

The effect of increased connections of micro generation technologies can only be truly analysed if accurate distribution network models are used. Such models must be 4-wire, capable of load unbalance consideration and cognisant of the effects associated with multiple grounding on the network. This paper describes such a model. Through a multi-phase load flow algorithm based on the backward/forward load flow technique, a 4-wire suburban distribution network in Dublin, Ireland which explicitly incorporates representation of the earth will be analysed. In conjunction with representative consumer load and commercially available micro wind generators, issues including voltage unbalance, voltage rise (associated with varying penetration of micro/small generation technologies) and neutral earth voltage (NEV) effects associated with such technologies are investigated.