Recent advances in protein-tyrosine-phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity

The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity in the worldwide population has fueled an intensified search for new therapeutic treatment options. Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has been implicated as a keynegative regulator of both insulin and leptin signaling pathways. Potent and highly selective PTP1 B inhibitors with superior drug-like properties could therefore provide novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of these metabolic disorders. This review will summarize the recent advances in various series of PTP1B inhibitors, with a focus on structure-based drug design and the efforts in improving cellular and in vivo activities of these inhibitors.