Toward 1G Mobile Power Networks: RF, Signal, and System Designs to Make Smart Objects Autonomous

Thanks to the quality of the technology and the existence of international standards, today?s wireless communication networks (based on RF radiation) underpin contemporary societies? global functioning. The pursuit of higher spectral efficiency has been going on for approximately four decades, with fifth-generation (5G) technologies expected in 2020. The development of 5G and beyond will see the emergence of trillions of low-power autonomous wireless devices for applications such as ubiquitous sensing through an Internet of Things (IoT).

[1]  Hendrik Rogier,et al.  Wireless Power Transmission: R&D Activities Within Europe , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[2]  Lav R. Varshney,et al.  Transporting information and energy simultaneously , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.

[3]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Low-Complexity Adaptive Multisine Waveform Design for Wireless Power Transfer , 2017, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[4]  Claude Oestges,et al.  MIMO Wireless Networks: Channels, Techniques and Standards for Multi-Antenna, Multi-User and Multi-Cell Systems , 2013 .

[5]  Joshua R. Smith,et al.  PASSIVE WI-FI: Bringing Low Power to Wi-Fi Transmissions , 2016, GETMBL.

[6]  Kenjiro Nishikawa,et al.  Broadband rectifier design based on quality factor of input matching circuit , 2014, 2014 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.

[7]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Wireless Information and Power Transfer: Nonlinearity, Waveform Design, and Rate-Energy Tradeoff , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[8]  P. D. Mitcheson,et al.  Ambient RF Energy Harvesting in Urban and Semi-Urban Environments , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[9]  Nuno Borges Carvalho,et al.  Maximizing DC power in energy harvesting circuits using multisine excitation , 2011, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium.

[10]  Tatsuo Itoh,et al.  Retrodirective arrays for wireless communications , 2002 .

[11]  A. Georgiadis,et al.  Optimum behavior: Wireless power transmission system design through behavioral models and efficient synthesis techniques , 2013, IEEE Microwave Magazine.

[12]  Kai Chang,et al.  Theoretical and experimental development of 10 and 35 GHz rectennas , 1992 .

[13]  Hubregt J. Visser,et al.  RF Energy Harvesting and Transport for Wireless Sensor Network Applications: Principles and Requirements , 2013, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[14]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Large-Scale Multiantenna Multisine Wireless Power Transfer , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[15]  C. R. Valenta,et al.  Rectenna performance under power-optimized waveform excitation , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on RFID (RFID).

[16]  Ke Wu,et al.  Overcoming the efficiency limitation of low microwave power harvesting with backward tunnel diodes , 2015, 2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium.

[17]  T. Reveyrand,et al.  High-Efficiency Harmonically Terminated Diode and Transistor Rectifiers , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[18]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Modulation Design for Wireless Information and Power Transfer with Nonlinear Energy Harvester Modeling , 2018, 2018 IEEE 19th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC).

[19]  H. Vincent Poor,et al.  Fundamentals of Wireless Information and Power Transfer: From RF Energy Harvester Models to Signal and System Designs , 2018, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[20]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Optimal Operation of Multitone Waveforms in Low RF-Power Receivers , 2018, 2018 IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conference (WPTC).

[21]  Manos M. Tentzeris,et al.  Solar/Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transmission , 2014, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[22]  Manos M. Tentzeris,et al.  Octave and Decade Printed UWB Rectifiers Based on Nonuniform Transmission Lines for Energy Harvesting , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[23]  Ghislain Despesse,et al.  Self-starting power management circuits for piezoelectric and electret-based electrostatic mechanical energy harvesters , 2013 .

[24]  Alessandra Costanzo,et al.  RF/baseband co-design of switching receivers for multiband microwave energy harvesting , 2012 .

[25]  Naoki Shinohara,et al.  Development of phased array for high accurate microwave power transmission , 2011, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications.

[26]  Regan Zane,et al.  Scalable RF Energy Harvesting , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[27]  R. Gutmann,et al.  Power Combining in an Array of Microwave Power Rectifiers , 1979, 1979 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.

[28]  Rui Zhang,et al.  MIMO Broadcasting for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[29]  Jie Xu,et al.  Energy Beamforming With One-Bit Feedback , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[30]  Apostolos Georgiadis,et al.  Design of a 2.45 GHz rectenna for electromagnetic (EM) energy scavenging , 2010, 2010 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS).

[31]  Anant Sahai,et al.  Shannon meets Tesla: Wireless information and power transfer , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.

[32]  Naoki Shinohara,et al.  Dependence of dc output of a rectenna array on the method of interconnection of its array elements , 1998 .

[33]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Waveform Design for Wireless Power Transfer , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[34]  William C. Brown,et al.  The History of Power Transmission by Radio Waves , 1984 .

[35]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  On Capacity-Achieving Distributions for Complex AWGN Channels Under Nonlinear Power Constraints and Their Applications to SWIPT , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[36]  Apostolos Georgiadis,et al.  RF Energy Harvesting From Multi-Tone and Digitally Modulated Signals , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[37]  Regan Zane,et al.  Power Management System for Online Low Power RF Energy Harvesting Optimization , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[38]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Wireless information and power transfer over an AWGN channel: Nonlinearity and asymmetric Gaussian signaling , 2017, 2017 IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW).

[39]  Naveen Verma,et al.  A Micro-Power EEG Acquisition SoC With Integrated Feature Extraction Processor for a Chronic Seizure Detection System , 2010, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[40]  Z. Popovic,et al.  Low-Power Wireless Power Delivery , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[41]  Yi Huang,et al.  A High-Efficiency Broadband Rectenna for Ambient Wireless Energy Harvesting , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[42]  Fan Zhang,et al.  A Batteryless 19 $\mu$W MICS/ISM-Band Energy Harvesting Body Sensor Node SoC for ExG Applications , 2013, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[43]  Hucheng Sun,et al.  An Adaptive Reconfigurable Rectifier for Wireless Power Transmission , 2013, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[44]  Nuno Borges Carvalho,et al.  The impact of multi-sine tone separation on RF-DC efficiency , 2014, 2014 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.

[45]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Waveform optimization for Wireless Power Transfer with nonlinear energy harvester modeling , 2015, 2015 International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS).

[46]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Communications and Signals Design for Wireless Power Transmission , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[47]  Ke Wu,et al.  Radio-Frequency Rectifier for Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting: Development Path and Future Outlook , 2014, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[48]  Regan Zane,et al.  Low-Power Far-Field Wireless Powering for Wireless Sensors , 2013, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[49]  Luciano Tarricone,et al.  Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transmission: A Unified Approach , 2014, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[50]  Suat U. Ay,et al.  A CMOS Energy Harvesting and Imaging (EHI) Active Pixel Sensor (APS) Imager for Retinal Prosthesis , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems.

[51]  Gregory D. Durgin,et al.  Harvesting Wireless Power: Survey of Energy-Harvester Conversion Efficiency in Far-Field, Wireless Power Transfer Systems , 2014, IEEE Microwave Magazine.

[52]  A. Collado,et al.  Optimal Waveforms for Efficient Wireless Power Transmission , 2014, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[53]  K. Mayaram,et al.  Efficient Far-Field Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting for Passively Powered Sensor Networks , 2008, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[54]  Z. Popovic,et al.  Cut the Cord: Low-Power Far-Field Wireless Powering , 2013, IEEE Microwave Magazine.

[55]  Satoshi Yoshida,et al.  Evaluation on use of modulated signal for Microwave Power Transmission , 2014, 2014 44th European Microwave Conference.

[56]  Bruno Clerckx.  Waveform Optimization for SWIPT with Nonlinear Energy Harvester Modeling , 2016, WSA.

[57]  B. Clerckx,et al.  Large-Scale Multi-Antenna Multi-Sine Wireless Power Transfer , 2016, ArXiv.

[58]  Alessandra Costanzo,et al.  Time-Modulation of Linear Arrays for Real-Time Reconfigurable Wireless Power Transmission , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[59]  Diego Masotti,et al.  Smart Solutions in Smart Spaces: Getting the Most from Far-Field Wireless Power Transfer , 2016, IEEE Microwave Magazine.

[60]  Satoshi Yoshida,et al.  Analysis of rectifier RF-DC Power Conversion Behavior with QPSK and 16QAM input signals for WiCoPT system , 2014, 2014 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.

[61]  Ke Wu,et al.  Towards Low-Power High-Efficiency RF and Microwave Energy Harvesting , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[62]  Sofie Pollin,et al.  Amplitude and frequency analysis of multi-sine wireless power transfer , 2015, 2015 Integrated Nonlinear Microwave and Millimetre-wave Circuits Workshop (INMMiC).

[63]  Naoki Shinohara,et al.  Selected Developments In Wireless Power Transfer Standards And Regulations , 2016 .

[64]  Gregory D. Durgin,et al.  Power-optimized waveforms for improving the range and reliability of RFID systems , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Conference on RFID.

[65]  Apostolos Georgiadis,et al.  Instantaneous power variance and radio frequency to dc conversion efficiency of wireless power transfer systems , 2016 .

[66]  Apostolos Georgiadis,et al.  Dual-Band Resistance Compression Networks for Improved Rectifier Performance , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[67]  Gregory D. Durgin,et al.  Theoretical Energy-Conversion Efficiency for Energy-Harvesting Circuits Under Power-Optimized Waveform Excitation , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[68]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Waveform optimization for large-scale multi-antenna multi-sine wireless power transfer , 2016, 2016 IEEE 17th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC).

[69]  Kai Chang,et al.  Microwave Power Transmission: Historical Milestones and System Components , 2013, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[70]  Brian P. Otis,et al.  A Sub-100 $\mu$ W MICS/ISM Band Transmitter Based on Injection-Locking and Frequency Multiplication , 2011, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[71]  R. Zane,et al.  Recycling ambient microwave energy with broad-band rectenna arrays , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[72]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Waveform Design for Wireless Power Transfer With Limited Feedback , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[73]  Apostolos Georgiadis,et al.  Increasing wireless powered systems efficiency by combining WPT and Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting , 2016, 2016 IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conference (WPTC).

[74]  Refet Firat Yazicioglu,et al.  A Configurable and Low-Power Mixed Signal SoC for Portable ECG Monitoring Applications , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems.

[75]  N. B. Carvalho,et al.  Extending Reading Range of Commercial RFID Readers , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[76]  Bruno Clerckx,et al.  Prototyping and experimentation of a closed-loop wireless power transmission with channel acquisition and waveform optimization , 2017, 2017 IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conference (WPTC).

[77]  Alessandra Costanzo,et al.  Genetic-based design of a tetra-band high-efficiency radio-frequency energy harvesting system , 2013 .