Evaluation Methodology and Control Strategies for Improving Reliability of HEV Power Electronic System

The reliability prediction of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) is of paramount importance for planning, design, control, and operation management of vehicles, since it can provide an objective criterion for comparative evaluation of various configurations and topologies and can be used as an effective tool to improve the design and control of the overall system. This paper presents a mission-profile-dependent simulation model based on MATLAB for quantitatively assessing the reliability of the electric drivetrain of HEVs. This model takes into consideration the variable driving scenarios, dormant mode, electrical stresses, and thermal stresses. Therefore, more reliable and accurate prediction of system reliability has been achieved. The methodology is explained in detail, and the results of reliability assessment based on a series HEV are presented. Based on reliability analysis, two control strategies are proposed to increase the mean time to failure of HEV powertrains: 1) variable dc-link voltage control and 2) hybrid discontinuous pulsewidth modulation scheme. These novel control schemes reduce the power losses and thermal stresses of power converters, and consequently, enhance system reliability. Numerical simulation results verify the benefits of two proposed control strategies in terms of power losses and reliability.

[1]  Danwei Wang,et al.  Relationship between space-vector modulation and three-phase carrier-based PWM: a comprehensive analysis [three-phase inverters] , 2002, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[2]  P. K. Jain,et al.  A Novel ZVZCS Full-Bridge DC/DC Converter Used for Electric Vehicles , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[3]  M. Marchesoni,et al.  Reliability analysis of a fuel cell electric city car , 2005, 2005 European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications.

[4]  Thomas A. Lipo,et al.  Pulse Width Modulation for Power Converters: Principles and Practice , 2003 .

[5]  S. F. Legowski,et al.  Minimum-loss vector PWM strategy for three-phase inverters , 1994 .

[6]  Joeri Van Mierlo,et al.  Analysis, Modeling, and Implementation of a Multidevice Interleaved DC/DC Converter for Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[7]  Di Zhao,et al.  Advanced bus-clamping PWM techniques based on space vector approach , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[8]  N. Seliger,et al.  Reliability of High Temperature Inverters for HEV , 2007, 2007 Power Conversion Conference - Nagoya.

[9]  Alan Millner,et al.  Modeling Lithium Ion battery degradation in electric vehicles , 2010, 2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply.

[10]  Yue Yuan,et al.  Temperature effect on electric vehicle battery cycle life in Vehicle-to-grid applications , 2010, CICED 2010 Proceedings.

[11]  H. van der Broeck,et al.  Analysis and Realization of a Pulse Width Modulator Based on Voltage Space Vectors , 1986, 1986 Annual Meeting Industry Applications Society.

[12]  S. Negarestani,et al.  A study of the reliability of various types of the electric vehicles , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference.

[13]  Wei Qian,et al.  55-kW Variable 3X DC-DC Converter for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[14]  Ganesan Nagasubramanian,et al.  Modeling capacity fade in lithium-ion cells , 2005 .

[15]  Marco Mauri,et al.  Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle: Modeling, Prototype Realization, and Inverter Losses Reduction Analysis , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[16]  Werner Leonhard,et al.  Control of Electrical Drives , 1990 .

[17]  M.H. Bierhoff,et al.  Semiconductor losses in voltage source and current source IGBT converters based on analytical derivation , 2004, 2004 IEEE 35th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37551).

[18]  Ahmet M. Hava,et al.  A high performance generalized discontinuous PWM algorithm , 1997, Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference.

[19]  Yantao Song,et al.  Survey on Reliability of Power Electronic Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[20]  M. Abul Masrur.  Penalty for Fuel Economy— System Level Perspectives on the Reliability of Hybrid Electric Vehicles During Normal and Graceful Degradation Operation , 2008, IEEE Systems Journal.

[21]  F. Gustin,et al.  Inverter components reliability tests for hybrid electrical vehicles , 2009, 2009 IEEE 6th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference.

[22]  Johann W. Kolar,et al.  Accurate Power Loss Model Derivation of a High-Current Dual Active Bridge Converter for an Automotive Application , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[23]  Rajapandian Ayyanar,et al.  Space-Vector-Based Hybrid Pulsewidth Modulation Techniques for Reduced Harmonic Distortion and Switching Loss , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[24]  Babak Fahimi,et al.  Helpful hints to enhance reliability of DC-DC converters in hybrid electric vehicle applications , 2010, 2010 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.

[25]  Holmes,et al.  Pulse width modulation for power converters , 2003 .

[26]  Ali Emadi,et al.  Modern electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicles : fundamentals, theory, and design , 2009 .

[27]  R.W. De Doncker,et al.  Reliability Prediction for Inverters in Hybrid Electrical Vehicles , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.