INFLUENCE OF SILICA FUME REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND RESISTANCE TO SULFATE ATTACK, FREEZING AND THAWING, AND ALKALI-SILICA REACTIVITY
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The results are presented of a series of tests of the physical properties and durability of pastes, mortars, and concretes made with silica fume replacements for part of the portland cement: silica fume reduced the permeability of cement pastes and concretes; silica fume reduced the size of pores and total porosities of both cement and concretes; silica fume reduced the leachable calcium hydroxide contents of cement pastes; silica fume reduced the level of alkalies leached from the pastes; silica fume improved the resistance of ASTM C 441 Pyrex mortar bars to deleterious expansion; silica fume provided resistance superior to that of a sulfate resistant portland cement in ASTM C 1012 tests for sulfate resistance; and silica fume provided resistance to freezing and thawing to a series of high-strength, non-air-entrained concretes.