The Challenge To Knowledge Engineering: Key Issues In The Second Generation Expert Systems

In this paper, we first briefly introduce the progress in the researches on the second generation expert systems (SGES) , especially in the issues of knowledge representation and reasoning. Analyzing the knowledge representation approaches used in the first generation expert systems (FGES) , we point out that what is mainly of down-up, the similarity and causility among the knowledge elements have not been well identified and formalized. On the contrary, we proposed an unified knowledge representation form and a general knowledge organizing structure, which meets the challenge well.