Testing the transtheoretical model for fruit intake: comparing web-based tailored stage-matched and stage-mismatched feedback.

A match-mismatch test was conducted to test the transtheoretical model applied to fruit intake. Precontemplators and contemplators were randomly assigned to receive a web-based individualized precontemplation feedback (PCF), contemplation feedback (CF) or action feedback (AF) letter promoting fruit intake. Immediately and 1 week after reading this letter, post-test measures were obtained. Fruit intake increased significantly between pre- and post-test in contemplators, but not in precontemplators. No differences between the feedback conditions were found in fruit intake, stage progression, use or credibility of the feedback in precontemplators and contemplators. In precontemplators, also no differences between the conditions were found in personal relevance of the feedback. Contemplators, however, rated AF as more personally relevant than PCF or CF. To conclude, the present study failed to show superiority of stage-matched information in the promotion of fruit intake.

[1]  E. A. van der Wilk,et al.  Lifestyle-related risks: are trends in Europe converging? , 2005, Public health.

[2]  R. West.  Time for a change: putting the Transtheoretical (Stages of Change) Model to rest. , 2005, Addiction.

[3]  E. McAuley,et al.  Testing the requirements of stages of physical activity among adults: The comparative effectiveness of stage-matched, mismatched, standard care, and control interventions , 2002, Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine.

[4]  Johannes Brug,et al.  A Short Dutch Questionnaire to Measure Fruit and Vegetable Intake: Relative Validity Among Adults and Adolescents , 2002, Nutrition and health.

[5]  Susan Curry,et al.  Stages of Change for Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Adults and Young Adults Participating in the National 5-a-Day for Better Health Community Studies , 1999, Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education.

[6]  P. van Assema,et al.  Reproducibility, validity, and responsiveness to change of a short questionnaire for measuring fruit and vegetable intake. , 2004, American journal of epidemiology.

[7]  W F Velicer,et al.  What Makes a Good Staging Algorithm: Examples from Regular Exercise , 1997, American journal of health promotion : AJHP.

[8]  Jacob Cohen.  Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences , 1969, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Research Design.

[9]  W F Velicer,et al.  Testing 40 predictions from the transtheoretical model. , 1999, Addictive behaviors.

[10]  M. Katan,et al.  Diet, nutrition and the prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases , 2004, Public Health Nutrition.

[11]  C. Denny,et al.  Trends in fruit and vegetable consumption among adults in the United States: behavioral risk factor surveillance system, 1994-2000. , 2004, American journal of public health.

[12]  Deborah Riebe,et al.  Promoting exercise and behavior change in older adults : interventions with the transtheoretical model , 2002 .

[13]  John C. Norcross,et al.  In Search of How People Change: Applications to Addictive Behaviors , 1993 .

[14]  David Clark-Carter.  Effect size: The missing piece in the jigsaw. , 2003 .

[15]  Alexander J. Rothman,et al.  Stage theories of health behavior: conceptual and methodological issues. , 1998, Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association.

[16]  Johannes Brug,et al.  Determinants of forward stage transitions: a Delphi study. , 2004, Health education research.

[17]  W F Velicer,et al.  An empirical typology of subjects within stage of change. , 1995, Addictive behaviors.

[18]  C. R. Snyder,et al.  Handbook of psychological change : psychotherapy processes & practices for the 21st century , 2000 .

[19]  A. Richardson,et al.  A Critique of , 2009 .

[20]  A Dijkstra,et al.  Tailored interventions to communicate stage-matched information to smokers in different motivational stages. , 1998, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[21]  M. Conner,et al.  Predicting health behaviour : research and practice with social cognition models , 2005 .

[22]  Helena Chmura Kraemer,et al.  Reconsidering the odds ratio as a measure of 2×2 association in a population , 2004, Statistics in medicine.

[23]  W. Velicer,et al.  Stage of change, decisional balance, and temptations for smoking: measurement and validation in a large, school-based population of adolescents. , 2001, Addictive behaviors.

[24]  W F Velicer,et al.  Measuring processes of change: applications to the cessation of smoking. , 1988, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[25]  T. Baranowski,et al.  Are precontemplators less likely to change their dietary behavior? A prospective analysis. , 2003, Health education research.

[26]  J. Brug,et al.  How stable are stages of change for nutrition behaviors in the Netherlands? , 2005, Health promotion international.

[27]  K. Glanz,et al.  Health behavior and health education : theory, research, and practice , 1991 .

[28]  Jean Adams,et al.  Why don't stage-based activity promotion interventions work? , 2004, Health education research.

[29]  Arie Dijkstra,et al.  A match-mismatch test of a stage model of behaviour change in tobacco smoking. , 2005, Addiction.

[30]  J O Prochaska,et al.  Strong and weak principles for progressing from precontemplation to action on the basis of twelve problem behaviors. , 1994, Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association.

[31]  J. Prochaska,et al.  Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: toward an integrative model of change. , 1983, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[32]  W F Velicer,et al.  Stage distributions for five health behaviors in the United States and Australia. , 1999, Preventive medicine.

[33]  C. Diclemente.  A premature obituary for the transtheoretical model: a response to West (2005). , 2005, Addiction.

[34]  T. Horacek,et al.  Assessing stages of change for fruit and vegetable intake in young adults: a combination of traditional staging algorithms and food-frequency questionnaires. , 2003, Health education research.

[35]  J. Prochaska,et al.  The transtheoretical model and stages of change. , 1996 .

[36]  K. Mccaul,et al.  Matched and mismatched interventions with young adult smokers: testing a stage theory. , 2000, Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association.

[37]  Reconsidering the odds ratio as a measure of 2 × 2 association in a population , 2004, Statistics in medicine.

[38]  Julia A. Ello-Martin,et al.  What can intervention studies tell us about the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and weight management? , 2004, Nutrition reviews.

[39]  Ian Watt,et al.  Systematic review of the effectiveness of health behavior interventions based on the transtheoretical model , 2005 .

[40]  Johannes Brug,et al.  Past, present, and future of computer-tailored nutrition education. , 2003, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[41]  W F Velicer,et al.  Increasing mammography among women aged 40-74 by use of a stage-matched, tailored intervention. , 1998, Preventive medicine.

[42]  J. Brug,et al.  Determinants of Forward Stage Transition from Precontemplation and Contemplation for Fruit Consumption , 2005, American journal of health promotion : AJHP.

[43]  W. Willett,et al.  Diet, nutrition and the prevention of cancer , 2004, Public Health Nutrition.

[44]  W. van Mechelen,et al.  Stage-based lifestyle interventions in primary care: are they effective? , 2004, American journal of preventive medicine.

[45]  C R Nigg,et al.  Stages of change across ten health risk behaviors for older adults. , 1999, The Gerontologist.

[46]  J. Brug,et al.  Do the Transtheoretical Processes of Change Predict Transitions in Stages of Change for Fruit Intake? , 2008, Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education.

[47]  J. Brug,et al.  Stages of change in fruit intake: A longitudinal examination of stability, stage transitions and transition profiles , 2005 .

[48]  A. Sowden,et al.  Systematic review of the effectiveness of stage based interventions to promote smoking cessation , 2003, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[49]  J. Brug,et al.  Web-based tailored nutrition education: results of a randomized controlled trial. , 2001, Health education research.

[50]  M. Conner,et al.  The Transtheoretical Model and stages of change: a critique: observations by five commentators on the paper by Adams, J. and White, M. (2004) why don't stage-based activity promotion interventions work? , 2004, Health education research.

[51]  Paul Aveyard,et al.  A randomized controlled trial of smoking cessation for pregnant women to test the effect of a transtheoretical model-based intervention on movement in stage and interaction with baseline stage. , 2006, British journal of health psychology.