Electrochemical Interfaces: Modern Techniques for In-Situ Interface Characterization

X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the study of electrochemical systems: x-rays and their generation synchrotron radiation and its origin introduction to EXAFS and x-ray absorption spectroscopy theory of EXAFS surface EXAFS and polarization studies experimental aspects EXAFS studies of electrochemical systems conclusions references. Surface X-ray scattering: introduction diffraction in two and three dimensions experimental aspects of surface x-ray scattering applications conclusions appendices references. Elucidation of structural aspects of electrode/electrolyte interfaces with x-ray standing waves: introduction theory background experimental analysis of data and interpretation of results examples of x-ray standing wave studies of electrode/electrolyte interfaces prospects for the use of x-ray standing waves in the study of electrode/electrolyte interfaces figure captions conclusions references.