Effects of prepartum energy intake and calcium to phosphorus ratios on lactation response and parturient paresis.

Abstract Estimated digestible energy values of 115 and 170% of maintenance were offered 60 days prepartum to 188 mature (one or more lactations) Holstein cows in Experiment I and 170 cows in Experiment II. Forages and concentrates were group fed in controlled amounts with a mineral supplement provided ad libitum. Calcium to phosphorus ratios of 2.3:l and 1.8:l were calculated from feed intakes in the 115% digestible energy (L1) and 170% digestible energy (H1) treatments, respectively, in Experiment I. In Experiment II ratios were 1.5:l (L2) and 1.7:l (H2) in the 115% and 170% digestible energy groups. Cows were offered 12.3 kilograms concentrates, 15.0 kilograms corn silage, and 6.4 kilograms alfalfa hay daily during early lactation in Experiment I and 11.4 kilograms concentrates, 13.6 kilograms corn silage, and 9.1 kilograms alfalfa hay in Experiment II. Unadjusted 305-day yields of milk, fat, and solids-not-fat were 6,916, 219, and 590 kilograms (L1); 6,980, 229, and 603 kilograms (H1); 7,315, 242, and 602 kilograms (L2); and 6,769, 240, and 576 kilograms (H2). Incidences of parturient paresis with associated calcium to phosphorus ratios were 2/97 (2.3:1), 18/94 (1.8:1), 7/88 (1.5:1), and 11/82 (1.7:1).

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