Investigations on beamforming applications of compact monopole arrays

Compact antenna arrays are widely investigated in modern communication technologies. In this paper, a conceptual study of compact monopole arrays used for beamforming applications is performed. Theoretical backgrounds for the design are discussed. A three-element compact monopole array with around 0.2λ0 (λ0 is the wavelength in free space) spacing operating at 2.4 GHz is modeled and simulated. Good directivity up to 8.1 dBi is achieved.