THE USE OF NMR METHODS FOR CONFORMATIONAL STUDIES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS

[1]  R. Komoroski,et al.  Natural-abundance carbon-13 Fourier-transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and spin lattice relaxation times of unfractionated yeast transfer-FNA. , 1972, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[2]  S. Glaser,et al.  A general enhancement scheme in heteronuclear multidimensional NMR employing pulsed field gradients , 1994, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[3]  J. Karn,et al.  The structure of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 TAR RNA reveals principles of RNA recognition by Tat protein. , 1995, Journal of molecular biology.

[4]  M. Williamson,et al.  Application of 1H NMR chemical shifts to measure the quality of protein structures. , 1995, Journal of molecular biology.

[5]  Direct Correlation of Exchangeable and Nonexchangeable Protons on Purine Bases in 13C,15N-Labeled RNA Using a HCCNH-TOCSY Experiment , 1996 .

[6]  J. Prestegard,et al.  Dependence of 13C Chemical Shifts on Glycosidic Torsional Angles in Ribonucleic Acids , 1994 .

[7]  K. Hall.  Uses of 13C- and 15N-labeled RNA in NMR of RNA-protein complexes. , 1995, Methods in enzymology.

[8]  J. Puglisi,et al.  Structure of the A Site of Escherichia coli 16S Ribosomal RNA Complexed with an Aminoglycoside Antibiotic , 1996, Science.

[9]  A M Gronenborn,et al.  The impact of direct refinement against proton chemical shifts on protein structure determination by NMR. , 1995, Journal of magnetic resonance. Series B.

[10]  J. Keeler,et al.  Measurement of homonuclear coupling constants from NMR correlation spectra , 1990 .

[11]  O. Uhlenbeck,et al.  Oligoribonucleotide synthesis using T7 RNA polymerase and synthetic DNA templates. , 1987, Nucleic acids research.

[12]  Horst Kessler,et al.  Scalar Coupling Constants—Their Analysis and Their Application for the Elucidation of Structures , 1995 .

[13]  L. Mueller.  P.E.COSY, a simple alternative to E.COSY , 1987 .

[14]  K. Wüthrich,et al.  Editing of 2D 1H NMR spectra using X half-filters. combined use with residue-selective 15N labeling of proteins , 1986 .

[15]  G. Bodenhausen,et al.  Coherence transfer in nuclear magnetic resonance by selective homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn correlation spectroscopy , 1991 .

[16]  J. Williamson,et al.  Assignment and modeling of the Rev Response Element RNA bound to a Rev peptide using 13C-heteronuclear NMR , 1995, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[17]  J. Harper,et al.  Selective isotopic enrichment of synthetic RNA: application to the HIV-1 TAR element. , 1993, Biochemistry.

[18]  G. A. van der Marel,et al.  Backbone and side chain dynamics of lac repressor headpiece (1-56) and its complex with DNA. , 1997, Biochemistry.

[19]  K. Wüthrich,et al.  Application of phase sensitive two-dimensional correlated spectroscopy (COSY) for measurements of 1H-1H spin-spin coupling constants in proteins. , 1983, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[20]  M. Kainosho,et al.  An Alternative Triple-Resonance Method for the Through-Bond Correlation of Intranucleotide H1' and H8 NMR Signals of Purine Nucleotides. Application to a DNA Dodecamer with Fully 13C/15N-Labeled Deoxyadenosine Residues , 1994 .

[21]  I. Tinoco,et al.  Crystal structure of an RNA double helix incorporating a track of non-Watson–Crick base pairs , 1991, Nature.

[22]  R. Brunne,et al.  Structure refinement using time-averaged J-coupling constant restraints , 1993, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[23]  Frank J.M. van de Ven,et al.  Multidimensional NMR in Liquids: Basic Principles and Experimental Methods , 1995 .

[24]  A. Bax,et al.  Anisotropic rotational diffusion of perdeuterated HIV protease from 15N NMR relaxation measurements at two magnetic fields , 1996, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[25]  J. Feigon,et al.  Two-and three-dimensional HCN experiments for correlating base and sugar resonances in 15N, 13C-labeled RNA oligonucleotides , 1993, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[26]  P E Wright,et al.  Solution structure of carbonmonoxy myoglobin determined from nuclear magnetic resonance distance and chemical shift constraints. , 1994, Journal of molecular biology.

[27]  Lars Liljas,et al.  Crystal structure of an RNA bacteriophage coat protein–operator complex , 1994, Nature.

[28]  R. Dickerson,et al.  Structure of a T4 hairpin loop on a Z-DNA stem and comparison with A-RNA and B-DNA loops. , 1990, Journal of molecular biology.

[29]  Kurt Wüthrich,et al.  Determination of scalar coupling constants by inverse Fourier transformation of in-phase multiplets , 1992 .

[30]  O. Jardetzky,et al.  Internal motions in deoxyribonucleic acid II. , 1980, Biochemistry.

[31]  L. Kay,et al.  The design and optimization of complex NMR experiments. Application to a triple-resonance pulse scheme correlating Hα, NH, and 15N chemical shifts in 15N13C-labeled proteins , 1991 .

[32]  H. Varmus,et al.  A characteristic bent conformation of RNA pseudoknots promotes -1 frameshifting during translation of retroviral RNA. , 1996, Journal of molecular biology.

[33]  Nikolai B. Ulyanov,et al.  [4] Statistical analysis of DNA duplex structural features , 1995 .

[34]  L. Mueller,et al.  Triple resonance HNCCCH experiments for correlating exchangeable and nonexchangeable cytidine and uridine base protons in RNA , 1995, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[35]  Kurt Wüthrich,et al.  Simulated two-dimensional nmr cross-peak fine structures for 1H spin systems in polypeptides and polydeoxynucleotides , 1987 .

[36]  J. Prestegard,et al.  Measurement of vicinal couplings from cross peaks in COSY spectra , 1989 .

[37]  Ad Bax,et al.  Magnetic Field Dependence of Nitrogen−Proton J Splittings in 15N-Enriched Human Ubiquitin Resulting from Relaxation Interference and Residual Dipolar Coupling , 1996 .

[38]  José García de la Torre,et al.  Rotational dynamics of rigid, symmetric top macromolecules. Application to circular cylinders , 1980 .

[39]  A. D. Buckingham,et al.  CHEMICAL SHIFTS IN THE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTRA OF MOLECULES CONTAINING POLAR GROUPS , 1960 .

[40]  A. Bax,et al.  Resolution enhancement and spectral editing of uniformly 13C-enriched proteins by homonuclear broadband 13C decoupling , 1992 .

[41]  J. Karn,et al.  Structure of HIV-1 TAR RNA in the absence of ligands reveals a novel conformation of the trinucleotide bulge. , 1996, Nucleic acids research.

[42]  S. Boxer,et al.  Characterization of the overall and internal dynamics of short oligonucleotides by depolarized dynamic light scattering and NMR relaxation measurements. , 1990, Biochemistry.

[43]  S. Wijmenga,et al.  Sequential Backbone Assignment in C-13-Labeled RNA Via through-Bond Coherence Transfer Using 3-Dimensional Triple-Resonance Spectroscopy (H-1, C-13, P-31) and 2-Dimensional Hetero Tocsy , 1994 .

[44]  Ad Bax,et al.  Rapid recording of 2D NMR spectra without phase cycling. Application to the study of hydrogen exchange in proteins , 1989 .

[45]  Ernest D. Laue,et al.  The Sensitivity of Experiments Which Use Gradient Pulses for Coherence-Pathway Selection , 1994 .

[46]  S. Wijmenga,et al.  Quantitative evaluation of TOCSY data. Application to sugar ring conformational analysis , 1992 .

[47]  J. Pople,et al.  Nuclear magnetic shielding of a hydrogen atom in an electric field , 1958 .

[48]  C. Kundrot,et al.  Crystal Structure of a Group I Ribozyme Domain: Principles of RNA Packing , 1996, Science.

[49]  F. Dahlquist,et al.  2D and 3D NMR spectroscopy employing carbon-13/carbon-13 magnetization transfer by isotropic mixing. Spin system identification in large proteins , 1990 .

[50]  E. Zuiderweg,et al.  Efficiencies of Double- and Triple-Resonance J Cross Polarization in Multidimensional NMR , 1995 .

[51]  J. R. Williamson.  Aptly named aptamers display their aptitude , 1996, Nature.

[52]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  Assignment strategies and analysis of cross-peak patterns and intensities in the three-dimensional homonuclear TOCSY-NOESY of RNA. , 1994, Journal of magnetic resonance. Series B.

[53]  A. Pardi.  Multidimensional heteronuclear NMR experiments for structure determination of isotopically labeled RNA. , 1995, Methods in enzymology.

[54]  Paul A. Keifer,et al.  Pure absorption gradient enhanced heteronuclear single quantum correlation spectroscopy with improved sensitivity , 1992 .

[55]  J. Boyd,et al.  Selective excitation by pulse shaping combined with phase modulation , 1989 .

[56]  G. Marius Clore,et al.  1H1H correlation via isotropic mixing of 13C magnetization, a new three-dimensional approach for assigning 1H and 13C spectra of 13C-enriched proteins , 1990 .

[57]  C. Griesinger,et al.  Determination of 3J(C,P) and 3J(H,P) coupling constants in nucleotide oligomers with FIDS-HSQC , 1993 .

[58]  Novel proton NMR assignment procedure for RNA duplexes , 1991 .

[59]  László Szilágyi,et al.  Chemical shifts in proteins come of age , 1995 .

[60]  D. Woessner.  Nuclear Magnetic Dipole—Dipole Relaxation in Molecules with Internal Motion , 1965 .

[61]  G. Lipari.  Model-free approach to the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in macromolecules , 1982 .

[62]  I. Tinoco,et al.  NMR Assignment of a 2′‐Hydroxyl Proton from the UUCG Tetraloop Through Long‐Range Correlations with 13C , 1996 .

[63]  Cornelis W. Hilbers,et al.  Resonance assignments of non-exchangeable protons in B type DNA oligomers, an overview , 1988, Nucleic Acids Res..

[64]  Assignment methodology for larger RNA oligonucleotides: Application to an ATP-binding RNA aptamer , 1997, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[65]  A. Rich,et al.  Crystal structure of four-stranded Oxytricha telomeric DNA , 1992, Nature.

[66]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  The transition from a neutral-pH double helix to a low-pH triple helix induces a conformational switch in the CCCG tetraloop closing a Watson-Crick stem. , 1996, Journal of molecular biology.

[67]  I. Tinoco,et al.  Sequence effects on RNA bulge-induced helix bending and a conserved five-nucleotide bulge from the group I introns. , 1996, Biochemistry.

[68]  H. Rüterjans,et al.  Nitrogen-15 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of 15N-Labeled Nucleotides , 1978 .

[69]  J. Santoro,et al.  A constant-time 2D overbodenhausen experiment for inverse correlation of isotopically enriched species , 1992 .

[70]  M. Williamson,et al.  Empirical Comparisons of Models for Chemical-Shift Calculation in Proteins , 1993 .

[71]  G. Varani,et al.  Carbon-Proton Scalar Couplings in RNA: 3D Heteronuclear and 2D Isotope-Edited NMR of a 13C-Labeled Extra-stable Hairpin , 1994 .

[72]  W. V. van Gunsteren,et al.  Time-averaged nuclear Overhauser effect distance restraints applied to tendamistat. , 1990, Journal of molecular biology.

[73]  B D Sykes,et al.  Chemical shifts as a tool for structure determination. , 1994, Methods in enzymology.

[74]  Unambiguous resonance assignments in carbon-13, nitrogen-15-labeled nucleic acids by 3D triple-resonance NMR , 1993 .

[75]  Ad Bax,et al.  Correlating Backbone Amide and Side-Chain Resonances in Larger Proteins By Multiple Relayed Triple Resonance NMR , 1992 .

[76]  Sequential backbone assignment of uniformly 13C-labeled RNAs by a two-dimensional P(CC)H-TOCSY triple resonance NMR experiment , 1995, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[77]  Time evolution of NMR proton chemical shifts of an RNA hairpin during a molecular dynamics simulation , 1996 .

[78]  Geoffrey Bodenhausen,et al.  Gaussian pulse cascades: New analytical functions for rectangular selective inversion and in-phase excitation in NMR , 1990 .

[79]  T. James,et al.  Models for DNA backbone motions: an interpretation of NMR relaxation experiments , 1982 .

[80]  D. Gorenstein,et al.  Comparison of X-ray and NMR-determined nucleic acid structures. , 1995, Methods in enzymology.

[81]  C. Giessner-Prettre,et al.  Parameters for the calculation of the ring current and atomic magnetic anisotropy contributions to magnetic shielding constants: Nucleic acid bases and intercalating agents , 1981 .

[82]  K. Flaherty,et al.  Three-dimensional structure of a hammerhead ribozyme , 1994, Nature.

[83]  C. Griesinger,et al.  Novel strategies for sensitivity enhancement in heteronuclear multi—dimensional NMR experiments employing pulsed field gradients , 1995, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[84]  C Altona.  Classification of nucleic acid junctions. , 1996, Journal of molecular biology.

[85]  D. Woessner,et al.  Nuclear Spin Relaxation in Ellipsoids Undergoing Rotational Brownian Motion , 1962 .

[86]  D. Turner,et al.  Structure of (rGGCGAGCC)2 in solution from NMR and restrained molecular dynamics. , 1993, Biochemistry.

[87]  J. Feigon,et al.  Two-dimensional triple-resonance HCNCH experiment for direct correlation of ribose H1' and base H8, H6 protons in 13C,15N-labeled RNA oligonucleotides , 1993 .

[88]  G. Wagner,et al.  Mapping of the spectral densities of N-H bond motions in eglin c using heteronuclear relaxation experiments. , 1992, Biochemistry.

[89]  A. J. Shaka,et al.  Computer-optimized decoupling scheme for wideband applications and low-level operation , 1985 .

[90]  J. H. Boom,et al.  High Resolution NMR Studies of DNA Hairpins with Four Nucleotides in the Loop Region , 1991 .

[91]  Through-bond correlation of adenine H2 and H8 protons in unlabeled DNA fragments by HMBC spectroscopy , 1996, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[92]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  Nucleic acids and nuclear magnetic resonance. , 1988, European journal of biochemistry.

[93]  G. Varani,et al.  Structure of an unusually stable RNA hairpin. , 1991, Biochemistry.

[94]  L. Kay,et al.  α Helix-RNA Major Groove Recognition in an HIV-1 Rev Peptide-RRE RNA Complex , 1996, Science.

[95]  F. Bovey,et al.  Calculation of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Aromatic Hydrocarbons , 1958 .

[96]  P E Wright,et al.  Use of chemical shifts and coupling constants in nuclear magnetic resonance structural studies on peptides and proteins. , 1994, Methods in enzymology.

[97]  Jeffrey W. Peng,et al.  Mapping of Spectral Density Functions Using Heteronuclear NMR Relaxation Measurements , 1992 .

[98]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  Heteronuclear Scalar Couplings in the Bases and Sugar Rings of Nucleic Acids: Their Determination and Application in Assignment and Conformational Analysis , 1996 .

[99]  A. Gronenborn,et al.  High-resolution structure of the oligomerization domain of p53 by multidimensional NMR. , 1994, Science.

[100]  M. T. Hills,et al.  [8] Structural studies of DNA three-way junctions , 1995 .

[101]  H. Sklenar,et al.  NMR studies and restrained-molecular-dynamics calculations of a long A+T-rich stretch in DNA. Effects of phosphate charge and solvent approximations. , 1995, European journal of biochemistry.

[102]  S. Patt.  Single- and multiple-frequency-shifted laminar pulses , 1992 .

[103]  I. Tinoco,et al.  The Reversing Pulse Technique in Electric Birefringence , 1959 .

[104]  J. Puglisi,et al.  Preparation of isotopically labeled ribonucleotides for multidimensional NMR spectroscopy of RNA. , 1992, Nucleic acids research.

[105]  A. Gronenborn,et al.  Assessing the quality of solution nuclear magnetic resonance structures by complete cross-validation. , 1993, Science.

[106]  B. Pullman,et al.  Quantum mechanical calculations of NMR chemical shifts in nucleic acids , 1987, Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics.

[107]  D. Gorenstein,et al.  How accurately can oligonucleotide structures be determined from the hybrid relaxation rate matrix/NOESY distance restrained molecular dynamics approach? , 1991, Biochemistry.

[108]  A. Lane.  Determination of fast dynamics of nucleic acids by NMR. , 1995, Methods in enzymology.

[109]  J. Pikkemaat,et al.  NMR studies and conformational analysis of a DNA four-way junction formed in a linear synthetic oligonucleotide. , 1994, Biochemistry.

[110]  J. Puglisi,et al.  Biochemical and NMR studies of RNA conformation with an emphasis on RNA pseudoknots. , 1995, Methods in enzymology.

[111]  S. Wijmenga,et al.  Three-dimensional homonuclear TOCSY-NOESY of nucleic acids. Possibilities for improved assignments , 1991 .

[112]  Correlation of the guanosine exchangeable and nonexchangeable base protons in 13C-/15N-labeled RNA with an HNC-TOCSY-CH experiment , 1996, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[113]  J. H. Ippel,et al.  Furanose sugar conformations in DNA from NMR coupling constants. , 1992, Methods in enzymology.

[114]  G. Varani,et al.  Specificity of ribonucleoprotein interaction determined by RNA folding during complex formation , 1996, Nature.

[115]  A. Bax,et al.  Analysis of Sugar Puckers and Glycosidic Torsion Angles in a DNA G-Tetrad Structure by Heteronuclear Three-Bond J Couplings , 1994 .

[116]  Rolf Boelens,et al.  Iterative procedure for structure determination from proton-proton NOEs using a full relaxation matrix approach. Application to a DNA octamer , 1989 .

[117]  M Nilges,et al.  Calculation of protein structures with ambiguous distance restraints. Automated assignment of ambiguous NOE crosspeaks and disulphide connectivities. , 1995, Journal of molecular biology.

[118]  S. Wijmenga,et al.  Analysis of 1H chemical shifts in DNA: Assessment of the reliability of 1H chemical shift calculations for use in structure refinement , 1997, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[119]  D. Davies,et al.  Determination of glycosidic bond conformations of pyrimidine nucleosides and nucleotides using vicinal carbon-proton coupling constants , 1985 .

[120]  B. Farmer,et al.  Unambiguous through-bond sugar-to-base correlations for purines in 13C, 15N-labeled nucleic acids: The HsCsNb, HsCs(N)bCb, and HbNbCb experiments , 1994, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[121]  P. R. Bevington,et al.  Data Reduction and Error Analysis for the Physical Sciences , 1969 .

[122]  D. Crothers,et al.  Correlation of adenine H2/H8 resonances in uniformly 13C labeled RNAs by 2D HCCH-TOCSY : a new tool for 1H assignment , 1994 .

[123]  F. J. Overmars,et al.  NMR studies of DNA three-way junctions containing two unpaired thymidine bases: the influence of the sequence at the junction on the stability of the stacking conformers. , 1996, Journal of molecular biology.

[124]  R. Freeman,et al.  Accurate measurement of coupling constants by J doubling , 1992 .

[125]  I. Tinoco,et al.  Solution structure of loop A from the hairpin ribozyme from tobacco ringspot virus satellite. , 1996, Biochemistry.

[126]  L. Mueller,et al.  Through-bond correlation of adenine protons in a 13C-labeled ribozyme , 1994 .

[127]  V. Sklenar.  Suppression of Radiation Damping in Multidimensional NMR Experiments Using Magnetic Field Gradients , 1995 .

[128]  B. Schweitzer,et al.  Two- and three-dimensional 31P-driven NMR procedures for complete assignment of backbone resonances in oligodeoxyribonucleotides , 1993, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[129]  A. J. Shaka,et al.  An improved sequence for broadband decoupling: WALTZ-16 , 1983 .

[130]  J. Williamson,et al.  Solution structure of the HIV-2 TAR-argininamide complex. , 1997, Journal of molecular biology.

[131]  A. Pardi,et al.  Simple procedure for resonance assignment of the sugar protons in 13C-labeled RNAs , 1992 .

[132]  A. J. Shaka,et al.  Iterative schemes for bilinear operators; application to spin decoupling , 1988 .

[133]  H. Hill,et al.  Fourier synthesized excitation of nuclear magnetic resonance with application to homonuclear decoupling and solvent line suppression , 1973 .

[134]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  Structural features of the DNA hairpin d(ATCCTA-GTTA-TAGGAT): formation of a G-A base pair in the loop. , 1997, Nucleic acids research.

[135]  F. Paquet,et al.  Selectively 13C-enriched DNA: Dynamics of the C1′-H1′ vector in d(CGCAAATTTGCG)2 , 1995, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[136]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  The detailed structure of tandem G.A mismatched base-pair motifs in RNA duplexes is context dependent. , 1997, Journal of molecular biology.

[137]  D. Case,et al.  A new analysis of proton chemical shifts in proteins , 1991 .

[138]  Eric Oldfield,et al.  Chemical shifts and three-dimensional protein structures , 1995, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[139]  G. C. Levy,et al.  13C-NMR relaxation in three DNA oligonucleotide duplexes: model-free analysis of internal and overall motion. , 1994, Biochemistry.

[140]  G. Varani.  Exceptionally stable nucleic acid hairpins. , 1995, Annual review of biophysics and biomolecular structure.

[141]  V. P. Chuprina,et al.  NMR and nucleic acid-protein interactions: the lac repressor-operator system. , 1995, Methods in enzymology.

[142]  A T Brünger,et al.  Torsion-angle molecular dynamics as a new efficient tool for NMR structure calculation. , 1997, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[143]  T. James,et al.  How to generate accurate solution structures of double-helical nucleic acid fragments using nuclear magnetic resonance and restrained molecular dynamics. , 1995, Methods in enzymology.

[144]  Novel Pulse Sequences with Sensitivity Enhancement for In-phase Coherence Transfer Employing Pulsed Field Gradients , 1995 .

[145]  J. Feigon,et al.  1H NMR spectroscopy of DNA triplexes and quadruplexes. , 1995, Methods in enzymology.

[146]  J. Feigon,et al.  Correlation of nucleotide base and sugar protons in a 15N-labeled HIV-1 RNA oligonucleotide by 1H-15N HSQC experiments , 1994, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[147]  D. Gorenstein,et al.  Sequence-dependent variations in the 31P NMR spectra and backbone torsional angles of wild-type and mutant Lac operator fragments. , 1989, Biochemistry.

[148]  F. J. Overmars,et al.  Three-way and four-way junctions in DNA: a conformational viewpoint. , 1996, Current opinion in structural biology.

[149]  D. Crothers,et al.  NMR of enzymatically synthesized uniformly 13C15N-labeled DNA oligonucleotides. , 1995, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[150]  A. Lane.  Solution conformation and dynamics of the octadeoxy-nucleotide d(CACTAGTG)2: a multinuclear n.m.r. relaxation study. , 1991, Carbohydrate research.

[151]  Ray Freeman,et al.  Band-selective radiofrequency pulses , 1991 .

[152]  C. Poulter,et al.  [3-15N]-2′,3′,5′-tri-o-benzoyluridine. Detection of hydrogen bonding in a-u base pairs by 15N NMR.☆ , 1979 .

[153]  I. Tinoco,et al.  Conformation of an RNA molecule that models the P4/P6 junction for group I introns. , 1996, Biochemistry.

[154]  J. Feigon,et al.  Through-bond correlation of imino and aromatic resonances in 13C-,15N-labeled RNA via heteronuclear TOCSY , 1996, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[155]  M. Guéron,et al.  A tetrameric DNA structure with protonated cytosine-cytosine base pairs , 1993, Nature.

[156]  S. Grzesiek,et al.  The Importance of Not Saturating H2o in Protein NMR : application to Sensitivity Enhancement and Noe Measurements , 1993 .

[157]  B. Borgias,et al.  MARDIGRAS : a procedure for matrix analysis of relaxation for discerning geometry of an aqueous structure , 1990 .

[158]  Jacques H. van Boom,et al.  The solution structure of the circular trinucleotide cr(GpGpGp) determined by NMR and molecular mechanics calculation , 1994, Nucleic Acids Res..

[159]  S. Wijmenga,et al.  The Hairpin Elements of Nucleic Acid Structure: DNA and RNA Folding , 1994 .

[160]  A. Bax,et al.  Measurement of dipolar contributions to 1JCH splittings from magnetic-field dependence of J modulation in two-dimensional NMR spectra. , 1997, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[161]  31P chemical shift as a probe of structural motifs in RNA. , 1994, Journal of magnetic resonance. Series B.

[162]  J. Puglisi,et al.  NMR analysis of tRNA acceptor stem microhelices: discriminator base change affects tRNA conformation at the 3' end. , 1994, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[163]  D. Patel,et al.  Solution structure of a DNA quadruplex containing the fragile X syndrome triplet repeat. , 1995, Journal of molecular biology.

[164]  S. Teichmann,et al.  An approach to global fold determination using limited NMR data from larger proteins selectively protonated at specific residue types , 1996, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[165]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  The three-dimensional structure of a DNA hairpin in solution two-dimensional NMR studies and structural analysis of d(ATCCTATTTATAGGAT). , 1991, European journal of biochemistry.

[166]  A. Klug,et al.  The crystal structure of an AII-RNAhammerhead ribozyme: A proposed mechanism for RNA catalytic cleavage , 1995, Cell.

[167]  J. Puglisi,et al.  Role of RNA structure in arginine recognition of TAR RNA. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[168]  A. Lane,et al.  Determination of sugar conformations by NMR in larger DNA duplexes using both dipolar and scalar data: Application to d(CATGTGACGTCACATG)2 , 1996, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[169]  A. J. Shaka,et al.  Improvements in carbon-13 broadband homonuclear cross-polarization for 2D and 3D NMR , 1991 .

[170]  M Nilges,et al.  The solution structure of the Tyr41-->His mutant of the single-stranded DNA binding protein encoded by gene V of the filamentous bacteriophage M13. , 1994, Journal of molecular biology.

[171]  S. Kim,et al.  Conformational studies of nucleic acids: III. Empirical multiple correlation functions for nucleic acid torsion angles. , 1986, Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics.

[172]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  Unambiguous structure characterization of a DNA-RNA triple helix by 15N- and 13C-filtered NOESY spectroscopy. , 1996, Biochemistry.

[173]  P. Schmieder,et al.  Heteronuclear NMR of DNA with the heteronucleus in natural abundance: facilitated assignment and extraction of coupling constants. , 1992, Nucleic acids research.

[174]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  Solution structure of the single‐stranded DNA binding protein of the filamentous Pseudomonas phage Pf3: similarity to other proteins binding to single‐stranded nucleic acids. , 1995, The EMBO journal.

[175]  Sensitivity improvement in 2D and 3D HCCH spectroscopy using heteronuclear cross-polarization , 1993 .

[176]  D. Nanz,et al.  Determination of the backbone torsion angle ɛ in nucleic acids , 1994 .

[177]  R. Batey,et al.  Preparation of isotopically enriched RNAs for heteronuclear NMR. , 1995, Methods in enzymology.

[178]  G. Drobny,et al.  [19] Site-specific dynamics in DNA: Theory and experiment , 1995 .

[179]  S. Wijmenga,et al.  Developments in NMR Structure Determination of Nucleic Acids , 1996 .

[180]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  Refined solution structure of the Tyr41-->His mutant of the M13 gene V protein. A comparison with the crystal structure. , 1995, European journal of biochemistry.

[181]  J. Harper,et al.  Isotope labeling for 13C relaxation measurements on RNA. , 1995, Methods in enzymology.

[182]  Peter Schultze,et al.  Chirality errors in nucleic acid structures , 1997, Nature.

[183]  A. Pardi,et al.  An efficient procedure for assignment of the proton, carbon and nitrogen resonances in 13C/15N labeled nucleic acids. , 1993, Journal of molecular biology.

[184]  Roger A. Jones,et al.  Nitrogen-15-labeled oligodeoxynucleotides. 8. Use of 15N NMR to probe Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding at guanine and adenine N7 atoms of a DNA triplex , 1995 .

[185]  C. Griesinger,et al.  Determination of Homo‐ and Heteronuclear Coupling Constants in Uniformly 13C,15N‐Labeled DNA Oligonucleotides , 1996 .

[186]  H. Schwalbe,et al.  Determination of a complete set of coupling constants in 13C-labeled oligonucleotides , 1994, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[187]  F. Perrin,et al.  Mouvement brownien d'un ellipsoide - I. Dispersion diélectrique pour des molécules ellipsoidales , 1934 .

[188]  I. Campbell,et al.  Dynamic studies of a fibronectin type I module pair at three frequencies: Anisotropic modelling and direct determination of conformational exchange , 1996, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[189]  S. Glaser,et al.  Frequency-selective decoupling with recursively expanded soft pulses in multinuclear NMR , 1992 .

[190]  M. Kainosho,et al.  C5′ Methylene Proton Signal Assignment of DNA/RNA Oligomers Labeled with C5′‐Monodeuterated Nucleosides by 1H–31P HSQC Spectroscopy , 1996 .

[191]  A. N. Garroway,et al.  Carbon-13-proton cross-polarization in liquids , 1978 .

[192]  C. W. Hilbers,et al.  NMR structure of a classical pseudoknot: interplay of single- and double-stranded RNA. , 1998, Science.

[193]  Richard R. Ernst,et al.  Coherence transfer by isotropic mixing: Application to proton correlation spectroscopy , 1983 .

[194]  A. Szabó,et al.  Model-free approach to the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in macromolecules. 2. Analysis of experimental results , 1982 .

[195]  G. Wagner.  Prospects for NMR of large proteins , 1993, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[196]  S. Wijmenga,et al.  Doubly Sensitivity-Enhanced 3D HCCH-TOCSY of13C-Labeled Proteins in H2O Using Heteronuclear Cross Polarization and Pulsed Field Gradients , 1997 .

[197]  Nobutoshi Ito,et al.  Crystal structure at 1.92 Å resolution of the RNA-binding domain of the U1A spliceosomal protein complexed with an RNA hairpin , 1994, Nature.

[198]  R. Mallion,et al.  Ring current theories in nuclear magnetic resonance , 1979 .

[199]  J. Feigon,et al.  Sugar conformations in intramolecular DNA triplexes determined by couping constants obtained by automated simulation of P.COSY cross peaks , 1992 .

[200]  F. D. Leeuw,et al.  The relationship between proton-proton NMR coupling constants and substituent electronegativities—I : An empirical generalization of the karplus equation , 1980 .

[201]  C. Hilbers,et al.  Calculation of interproton distances from NOE intensities. A relaxation matrix approach without requirement of a molecular model , 1991 .

[202]  G. Varani,et al.  How accurately and precisely can RNA structure be determined by NMR? , 1997, Journal of molecular biology.

[203]  R. Komoroski,et al.  Observation of resonances from some minor bases in the natural-abundance carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of unfractionated yeast transfer ribonucleic acid. Evidence for fast internal motion of the dihydrouracil rings. , 1974, Biochemistry.

[204]  H. Schwalbe,et al.  Directed TOCSY, a method for selection of directed correlations by optimal combinations of isotropic and longitudinal mixing. , 1996, Journal of magnetic resonance. Series B.

[205]  P. Wright,et al.  Sensitivity improvement in proton-detected two-dimensional heteronuclear correlation NMR spectroscopy , 1991 .

[206]  J. Pikkemaat,et al.  Fine Structure of the P–H5′ Cross‐Peak in 31P–1H Correlated 2D NMR Spectroscopy. An Efficient Probe for the Backbone Torsion Angles β and γ in Nucleic Acids , 1996 .

[207]  V. Saudek,et al.  Gradient-tailored excitation for single-quantum NMR spectroscopy of aqueous solutions , 1992, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[208]  S. Boxer,et al.  Multinuclear NMR studies of DNA hairpins. 1. Structure and dynamics of d(CGCGTTGTTCGCG). , 1989, Biochemistry.

[209]  T. Logan,et al.  A general method for assigning NMR spectra of denatured proteins using 3D HC(CO)NH-TOCSY triple resonance experiments , 1993, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[210]  C. Altona,et al.  Conformational analysis of brominated pA2'-5'A2'-5'A analogs. An NMR and model-building study. , 1989, European journal of biochemistry.

[211]  G. Varani,et al.  Structure of the polyadenylation regulatory element of the human U1A pre-mRNA 3'-untranslated region and interaction with the U1A protein. , 1996, Biochemistry.

[212]  Improved large scale culture of Methylophilus methylotrophus for 13C/15N labeling and random fractional deuteration of ribonucleotides. , 1996, Nucleic acids research.

[213]  J. Williamson,et al.  Preparation of Specifically Deuterated RNA for NMR Studies Using a Combination of Chemical and Enzymatic Synthesis , 1996 .

[214]  M.M.W. Mooren.  On nucleic acid structure analysis by NMR , 1993 .

[215]  Richard R. Ernst,et al.  Coherence transfer in the rotating frame , 1979 .

[216]  D. Gorenstein,et al.  On the evaluation of interproton distances for three-dimensional structure determination by NMR using a relaxation rate matrix analysis , 1990 .

[217]  G. Roberts,et al.  NMR of macromolecules : a practical approach , 1993 .

[218]  G. Varani,et al.  Novel three-dimensional 1H−13C−31P triple resonance experiments for sequential backbone correlations in nucleic acids , 1995, Journal of Biomolecular NMR.

[219]  Angela M. Gronenborn,et al.  The Impact of Direct Refinement against 13Cα and 13Cβ Chemical Shifts on Protein Structure Determination by NMR , 1995 .

[220]  A. Szabó,et al.  Model-free approach to the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in macromolecules. 1. Theory and range of validity , 1982 .

[221]  E. Zuiderweg.  Analysis of multiple-pulse-based heteronuclear J cross polarization in liquids , 1990 .

[222]  Gabriele Varani,et al.  NMR investigation of RNA structure , 1996 .

[223]  J. Keeler,et al.  A convenient and accurate method for the measurement of the values of spin-spin coupling constants , 1995 .

[224]  Hong Wang,et al.  HCCH-TOCSY spectroscopy of 13C-labeled proteins in H2O using heteronuclear cross-polarization and pulsed-field gradients , 1995, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[225]  C. Kundrot,et al.  RNA Tertiary Structure Mediation by Adenosine Platforms , 1996, Science.

[226]  I. Tinoco,et al.  Conformation of a non-frameshifting RNA pseudoknot from mouse mammary tumor virus. , 1996, Journal of molecular biology.

[227]  G. Varani,et al.  Divalent metal ion binding to a conserved wobble pair defining the upstream site of cleavage of group I self-splicing introns. , 1995, Nucleic acids research.

[228]  Gerhard Wagner,et al.  NMR relaxation and protein mobility , 1993 .

[229]  A M Gronenborn,et al.  Interhelical angles in the solution structure of the oligomerization domain of p53: correction , 1995, Science.

[230]  J. Feigon,et al.  Quadruplex structure of Oxytricha telomeric DNA oligonucleotides , 1992, Nature.

[231]  R. Ramachandran,et al.  Sequential assignments in uniformly 13C- and 15N-labelled RNAs: The HC(N,P) and HC(N,P)-CCH-TOCSY experiments , 1996, Journal of biomolecular NMR.

[232]  G. Varani,et al.  Structure of the P1 helix from group I self-splicing introns. , 1995, Journal of molecular biology.