Automotive engine hybrid modelling and control for reduction of hydrocarbon emissions

Automotive engine models vary in their complexity depending on the intended application. Pre-prototype performance prediction models can be very complex in order to make accurate predictions. Controller design models need to be as simple as possible since model-based controllers must operate in real time. This paper develops hybrid models for engine control that incorporate time and events in their formulation. The resulting hybrid controllers have the capability of switching between two alternative control modes. The first mode is designed to reduce the raw hydrocarbon (HC) emissions while the second mode tries to increase the temperature of the catalytic converter as rapidly as possible during the initial transient or “cold start” period. Reachability, as a tool for system analysis, is used to verify the properties of the closed loop system.

[1]  J. Karl Hedrick,et al.  Adaptive sliding mode control of air–fuel ratio in internal combustion engines , 2004 .

[2]  S. Chan,et al.  Modeling of Catalytic Conversion of CO/HC in Gasoline Exhaust at Engine Cold-Start , 1999 .

[3]  Per Tunestål,et al.  A method of lean air-fuel ratio control using combustion pressure measurement , 2001 .

[4]  J. K. Hedrick,et al.  Closed-loop engine coldstart control to reduce hydrocarbon emissions , 2003, Proceedings of the 2003 American Control Conference, 2003..

[5]  Swaroop Darbha,et al.  Dynamic surface control for a class of nonlinear systems , 2000, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control..

[6]  C. Pinello,et al.  Automotive engine control and hybrid systems: challenges and opportunities , 2000, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[7]  Byron T. Shaw,et al.  A simplified coldstart catalyst thermal model to reduce hydrocarbon emissions , 2002 .

[8]  Hirohisa Tanaka,et al.  An Intelligent Catalyst , 2001 .

[9]  J. Karl Hedrick,et al.  Cylinder Air/Fuel Ratio Estimation Using Net Heat Release Data , 2001 .

[10]  J. K. Hedrick,et al.  Automotive Powertrain Modeling for Control , 1989 .

[11]  John Lygeros,et al.  Synthesizing Controllers for Nonlinear Hybrid Systems , 1998, HSCC.

[12]  C. Pinello,et al.  Mixed models of computation in the design of automotive engine control , 2001, Proceedings of the 40th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (Cat. No.01CH37228).

[13]  N. Peric,et al.  Hybrid system theory based optimal control of an electronic throttle , 2003, Proceedings of the 2003 American Control Conference, 2003..

[14]  Tiziano Villa,et al.  Maximal Safe Set Computation for Idle Speed Control of an Automotive Engine , 2000, HSCC.

[15]  C. Pinello,et al.  Hybrid systems and the design of embedded controllers for automotive engine management , 1998, Proceedings of the 37th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (Cat. No.98CH36171).

[16]  C. F. Aquino.  Transient A/F Control Characteristics of the 5 Liter Central Fuel Injection Engine , 1981 .

[17]  Ian M. Mitchell,et al.  A Toolbox of Level Set Methods , 2005 .

[18]  Jing Sun,et al.  Issues in cold start emission control for automotive IC engines , 1998, Proceedings of the 1998 American Control Conference. ACC (IEEE Cat. No.98CH36207).

[19]  J. Karl Hedrick,et al.  Robust stabilization and ultimate boundedness of dynamic surface control systems via convex optimization , 2002 .

[20]  Byron T. Shaw,et al.  COLDSTART ENGINE COMBUSTION MODELLING TO CONTROL HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS , 2002 .

[21]  Mato Baotic,et al.  Multi-object Adaptive Cruise Control , 2008, HSCC.

[22]  D. Hrovat,et al.  Explicit Hybrid Optimal Control of Direct Injection Stratified Charge Engines , 2005, Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2005. ISIE 2005..

[23]  J. Karl Hedrick,et al.  CYLINDER AIR/FUEL RATIO ESTIMATION USING NET HEAT RELEASE DATA , 2001 .