Electrophoretic deposition of hydroxyapatite–chitosan nanocomposite coatings in different alcohols

Abstract Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method was used to prepare hydroxyapatite (HA)–chitosan nanocomposite coatings on 316L stainless steel from alcoholic (methanol, ethanol and isopropanol) suspensions containing 0.5 g/L chitosan and 2, 5 and 10 g/L HA. Electrophoretic mobility of HA nanoparticles was raised by decreasing the molecular weight of alcohol, so the deposition rate of methanolic suspensions was the highest. FTIR, TG/DTA and SEM analyses were used to investigate the coatings properties. Chitosan incorporated in HA-chitosan coatings by two mechanisms: the chitosan adsorbed on the HA nanoparticles and incorporated in the coatings accompanying them, and the non-adsorbed chitosan deposited by EPD method. The chitosan incorporated in the coatings by adsorption on HA nanoparticles increases and the chitosan incorporated in it by EPD decreases with increasing the molecular weight of alcohol. The coating deposited from ethanolic suspension containing 0.5 g/L chitosan and 5 g/L HA had the highest corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid environment at 37 °C.

[1]  Laxmidhar Besra,et al.  A review on fundamentals and applications of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) , 2007 .

[2]  A. Ruys,et al.  Precipitation of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles: Effects of precipitation method on electrophoretic deposition , 2005, Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine.

[3]  Douglas Gouvêa,et al.  The influence of the Chitosan adsorption on the stability of SnO2 suspensions , 2003 .

[4]  I. Zhitomirsky.  Electrophoretic hydroxyapatite coatings and fibers , 2000 .

[5]  J. Bellare,et al.  Chitosan reinforced apatite–wollastonite coating by electrophoretic deposition on titanium implants , 2009, Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine.

[6]  T. Lee,et al.  Effect of post vacuum heating on the microstructural feature and bonding strength of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings , 2006 .

[7]  Baldev Raj,et al.  Electrochemical and electrophoretic deposition of hydroxyapatite for orthopaedic applications , 2005 .

[8]  R. Misra,et al.  Biomimetic chitosan-nanohydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. , 2009, Acta biomaterialia.

[9]  K. Peng,et al.  Electrophoretic deposition of porous hydroxyapatite scaffold. , 2003, Biomaterials.

[10]  Xin Pang,et al.  Electrodeposition of composite hydroxyapatite–chitosan films , 2005 .

[11]  W. Cheng,et al.  Thick hydroxyapatite coatings by electrophoretic deposition , 2002 .

[12]  A. Rakowska,et al.  Electrophoretic coating of hydroxyapatite on titanium implants , 2001 .

[13]  L. Besra,et al.  Electrophoretic deposition of doped ceria: Effect of solvents on deposition microstructure , 2010 .

[14]  R. Tharanathan,et al.  Surface chemical studies on SiC suspension in the presence of chitosan , 2006 .

[15]  Hongqiang Wang,et al.  Effects of synthesis conditions on the morphology of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles produced by wet chemical process , 2010 .

[16]  H. C. Hamaker.  Formation of a deposit by electrophoresis , 1940 .

[17]  M. Bahrololoom,et al.  Electrophoretic deposition of natural hydroxyapatite on medical grade 316L stainless steel , 2008 .

[18]  M. A. García,et al.  Room temperature synthesis of chitosan/apatite powders and coatings , 2006 .

[19]  I. Zhitomirsky,et al.  Electrophoretic deposition of hydroxyapatite , 1997, Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine.

[20]  Tadashi Kokubo,et al.  How useful is SBF in predicting in vivo bone bioactivity? , 2006, Biomaterials.

[21]  S. Yen,et al.  Cathodic reactions of electrolytic hydroxyapatite coating on pure titanium , 2003 .

[22]  A. Boccaccini,et al.  Electrophoretic deposition: From traditional ceramics to nanotechnology , 2008 .

[23]  J. García-Ruíz,et al.  Biological evaluation of aerosol-gel-derived hydroxyapatite coatings with human mesenchymal stem cells. , 2002, Biomaterials.

[24]  S. Altıntaş,et al.  Hydroxyapatite coating on titanium substrate by electrophoretic deposition method: Effects of titanium dioxide inner layer on adhesion strength and hydroxyapatite decomposition , 2008 .

[25]  Y. Gong,et al.  A study on the bioactivity of chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering , 2006 .

[26]  I. Zhitomirsky,et al.  Chitosan-mediated electrosynthesis of organic–inorganic nanocomposites , 2007 .

[27]  K A Gross,et al.  Material fundamentals and clinical performance of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings: a review. , 2001, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[28]  Xin Pang,et al.  Electrophoretic deposition of hydroxyapatite-CaSiO3-chitosan composite coatings. , 2009, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[29]  M. Ghorbani,et al.  Electrophoretic Deposition of Titania Nanoparticles in Different Alcohols: Kinetics of Deposition , 2011 .