Optimisation of a stepped permittivity impedance loaded (SPIL) absorber

A novel type of pyramidal absorber is presented. This absorber utilises a combination of impedance loading and an exponential stepped permittivity profile. The new design offers a significant improvement in the absorber's low frequency performance when compared with existing pyramidal absorbers. Optimisation of the design's parameters, using a PSO algorithm, has been carried out to maximise the absorber's bandwidth at −40dB reflectivity.