Gordonia desulfuricans sp. nov., a benzothiophene-desulphurizing actinomycete.

The taxonomic position of two actinomycetes isolated from soil was established using a polyphasic approach. The organisms, designated 213ET and 213F, were found to have chemical and morphological properties consistent with their assignment to the genus Gordonia. Nearly complete sequences of the 16S rDNA genes of the two strains were determined following the isolation and direct sequencing of the amplified genes. The tested strains were found to have identical 16S rDNA sequences and formed a phylogenetic line within the evolutionary radiation occupied by the genus Gordonia that was most closely related to Gordonia rubropertincta DSM 43197T. However, DNA-DNA relatedness data showed that strain 213ET and Gordonia rubropertincta DSM 43197T belonged to distinct genomic species. Strains 213ET and 213F also shared an identical phenotypic profile which distinguished them from representatives of validly described Gordonia species. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data show that strains 213ET and 213F merit recognition as a new species of Gordonia. The name proposed for the new species is Gordonia desulfuricans, for which the type strain is 213ET (= NCIMB 40816T).

[1]  Kenneth L. Jones.  FRESH ISOLATES OF ACTINOMYCETES IN WHICH THE PRESENCE OF SPOROGENOUS AERIAL MYCELIA IS A FLUCTUATING CHARACTERISTIC , 1949, Journal of bacteriology.

[2]  D. Weinman,et al.  Tuberculosis in White and Negro Children , 1959, Pediatrics.

[3]  I. Stevenson.  Utilization of aromatic hydrocarbons by Arthrobacter spp. , 1967, Canadian journal of microbiology.

[4]  J. Farris,et al.  Quantitative Phyletics and the Evolution of Anurans , 1969 .

[5]  T. Jukes.  CHAPTER 24 – Evolution of Protein Molecules , 1969 .

[6]  J. Ley,et al.  The quantitative measurement of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. , 1970, European journal of biochemistry.

[7]  H. Lechevalier,et al.  Chemical composition as a criterion in the classification of aerobic actinomycetes , 1970 .

[8]  M. Tsukamura.  Proposal of a new genus, Gordona, for slightly acid-fast organisms occurring in sputa of patients with pulmonary disease and in soil. , 1971, Journal of general microbiology.

[9]  J. Staneck,et al.  Simplified approach to identification of aerobic actinomycetes by thin-layer chromatography. , 1974, Applied microbiology.

[10]  H. Lechevalier,et al.  Nocardia amarae sp. nov., an Actinomycete Common in Foaming Activated Sludge , 1974 .

[11]  E. Asheshov,et al.  International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology: Subcommittee on the Phage-Typing of Staphylococci , 1975 .

[12]  M. Goodfellow,et al.  Classification of the "Rhodochrous" Complex and Allied Taxa Based upon Deoxyribonucleic Acid Reassociation , 1977 .

[13]  P. Cashion,et al.  A rapid method for the base ratio determination of bacterial DNA. , 1977, Analytical biochemistry.

[14]  M. Tsukamura.  Numerical Classification of Rhodococcus (Formerly Gordona) Organisms Recently Isolated from Sputa of Patients: Description of Rhodococcus sputi Tsukamura sp. nov. , 1978 .

[15]  D. Wake,et al.  Phylogenetic reconstruction. , 1978, Science.

[16]  S. Jeffery.  Evolution of Protein Molecules , 1979 .

[17]  D. Minnikin,et al.  Thin-layer chromatography of methanolysates of mycolic acid-containing bacteria , 1980 .

[18]  J. Hutton,et al.  Thermal stability and renaturation of DNA in dimethyl sulfoxide solutions: Acceleration of the renaturation rate , 1980, Biopolymers.

[19]  M. Tsukamura.  Numerical Analysis of the Taxonomy of Nocardiae and Rhodococci , 1982, Microbiology and immunology.

[20]  K. Schleifer,et al.  Studies on the spectrophotometric determination of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. , 1983, Systematic and applied microbiology.

[21]  D. Minnikin,et al.  AN INTEGRATED PROCEDURE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF BACTERIAL ISOPRENOID QUINONES AND POLAR LIPIDS , 1984 .

[22]  J. Felsenstein.  CONFIDENCE LIMITS ON PHYLOGENIES: AN APPROACH USING THE BOOTSTRAP , 1985, Evolution; international journal of organic evolution.

[23]  N. Saitou,et al.  The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. , 1987, Molecular biology and evolution.

[24]  M. Collins,et al.  EVIDENCE OF PHYLOGENETIC HETEROGENEITY WITHIN THE GENUS RHODOCOCCUS: REVIVAL OF THE GENUS GORDONA (TSUKAMURA) , 1988 .

[25]  DNA base composition and homology values in the classification of some Rhodococcus species. , 1988, Journal of general microbiology.

[26]  Lawrence G. Wayne,et al.  International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology: Announcement of the Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Reconciliation of Approaches to Bacterial Systematics , 1988 .

[27]  K. Ochi,et al.  Electrophoretic heterogeneity of ribosomal protein AT-L30 among actinomycete genera. , 1992, International journal of systematic bacteriology.

[28]  K.-D. Jahnke,et al.  BASIC computer program for evaluation of spectroscopic DNA renaturation data from GILFORD SYSTEM 2600 spectrophotometer on a PC/XT/AT type personal computer , 1992 .

[29]  J. Felsenstein,et al.  PHYLIP: phylogenetic inference package version 3.5c. Distributed over the Internet , 1993 .

[30]  John J. Kilbane,et al.  Utilization of organosulphur compounds by axenic and mixed cultures of Rhodococcus rhodochrous IGTS8 , 1993 .

[31]  J. Tamaoka.  Determination of DNA Base Composition , 1994 .

[32]  F. Rainey,et al.  Transfer of Rhodococcus aichiensis Tsukamura 1982 and Nocardia amarae Lechevalier and Lechevalier 1974 to the genus Gordona as Gordona aichiensis comb. nov. and Gordona amarae comb. nov. , 1994, International journal of systematic bacteriology.

[33]  H. Monteil,et al.  Rhodococcus chubuensis Tsukamura 1982 Is a Later Subjective Synonym of Gordona sputi (Tsukamura 1978) Stackebrandt 1989 comb. nov. , 1994 .

[34]  C. A. Fewson,et al.  Biotransformations catalyzed by the genus Rhodococcus. , 1994, Critical reviews in biotechnology.

[35]  F. Rainey,et al.  Gordona hydrophobica sp. nov., Isolated from Biofilters for Waste Gas Treatment , 1995 .

[36]  J. Chun.  Computer assisted classification and identification of actinomycetes , 1995 .

[37]  F. Rainey,et al.  Gordona hirsuta sp. nov. , 1996, International journal of systematic bacteriology.

[38]  Ross A. Overbeek,et al.  The Ribosomal Database Project (RDP) , 1996, Nucleic Acids Res..

[39]  R. Wallace,,et al.  Rapid identification of clinically significant species and taxa of aerobic actinomycetes, including Actinomadura, Gordona, Nocardia, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, and Tsukamurella isolates, by DNA amplification and restriction endonuclease analysis , 1997, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[40]  C. Kulpa,et al.  Elucidation of the metabolic pathway for dibenzothiophene desulphurization by Rhodococcus sp. strain IGTS8 (ATCC 53968). , 1997, Microbiology.

[41]  E. Stackebrandt,et al.  Proposal for a New Hierarchic Classification System, Actinobacteria classis nov. , 1997 .

[42]  J A Meyer,et al.  Biocatalytic sulfur removal from fuels: applicability for producing low sulfur gasoline. , 1998, Critical reviews in microbiology.

[43]  S. B. Kim,et al.  Streptomyces thermocarboxydovorans sp. nov. and Streptomyces thermocarboxydus sp. nov., two moderately thermophilic carboxydotrophic species from soil. , 1998, International journal of systematic bacteriology.

[44]  M. Takeuchi,et al.  Gordonia rhizosphera sp. nov. isolated from the mangrove rhizosphere. , 1998, International journal of systematic bacteriology.

[45]  Je Hwan Chang,et al.  Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene and Diesel Oils by a Newly Isolated Gordona Strain, CYKS1 , 1998, Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

[46]  S. Gilbert,et al.  Isolation of a unique benzothiophene-desulphurizing bacterium, Gordona sp. strain 213E (NCIMB 40816), and characterization of the desulphurization pathway. , 1998, Microbiology.

[47]  F. Rainey,et al.  Williamsia muralis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the indoor environment of a children's day care centre. , 1999, International journal of systematic bacteriology.