The Polarization of Light in a Tropical Rain Forest 1

The light environment within forests presents complex patterns of brightness and spectral distribution of light. The polarized light field is no less complex. Using an imaging polarized light analyzer, we examined the natural fields of linearly polarized light in the tropical rain forest of Guatopo National Park, Venezuela. We found that the celestial polarization pattern remains visible underneath the forest canopy, although cloud and fog coverage may diffuse the light and reduce the polarization signal. We characterized several distinct light environments, each having a characteristic polarized light field. Furthermore, objects throughout the forest reflect light that is polarized in a predictable fashion depending upon the material, structure, and orientation of the reflecting surface. As a consequence of these patterns in the distribution of polarized light, some functions of polarization vision, such as navigation, must be limited to the spaces exposed to several extended portions of the sky, while others, such as remote sensing of surface orientation, object detection, and breaking of camouflage would be useful throughout the forest. The polarization of light adds another dimension to the complexity of the rain forest photic environment. RESUMEN La luz ambiental dentro de la jungla presents complejos patrones de brillo y distribucion espectral de luz. El campo de la luz polarizada no es menos complejo. Usando un analizador de imagenes de luz polarizada, nosotros examinamos los campos naturales de luz polarizada linear en el bosque tropical del Parque Nacional de Guatopo, Venezuela. Encontramos que el patron de polarizacion celestial permanece visible debajo de la cubierta del bosque, aun cuando una cubierta de nubes y neblina puede dispersar la luz y reducir la senal de polarizacion. Nosotros caracterizamos varios ambientes de luz diferente, cada uno teniendo un campo de luz polarizada caracteristico. Ademas, objetos en todo el bosque reflejan la luz que es polarizada en una forma predecible dependiendo sobre el material, estructura y orientacion de la superficie reflectante. Como una consequencia de estos patrones en la distribucion de la luz polarizada, algunas funciones de vision polarizada, tales como la navegacion, deben estar limitadas a los espacios expuestos a grandes extensiones de cielo, mientra otras, tales como la percepcion remota de la orientacion de superficies, la deteccion de objetos, y el quebrantar el camuflage puede ser utiles dentro del bosque. La polarizacion de la luz adiciona otra dimension a la complejidad del ambiente fotico del bosque.

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