New Static “AirArc” EMTP Model of Long Arc in Free Air

In this paper, long arcs in free air are investigated. A long arc was induced in the high-power test laboratory at FGH-Mannheim, Germany. From the recorded arc data, the features of the arc were derived and analyzed, including elongation effects associated with these arcs. Based on this analysis of a real arc, a new “AirArc” static arc model, including the length variations, was derived and incorporated into the Alternate Transients Program-Electromagnetic Transients Program software package in which it was simulated. The arc is modeled as a current-dependent voltage source with a characteristic-distorted rectangular voltage that elongates nonlinearly over time. Fault arcs are a significant source of harmonics that distort other voltages and currents in the network. The time-domain and spectral-domain features of the simulated arc are compared with those of the real arc. The assessment of transient processes during arcing faults was carried out using the discrete wavelet transform.

[1]  P. Welch.  The use of fast Fourier transform for the estimation of power spectra: A method based on time averaging over short, modified periodograms , 1967 .

[2]  A. P. Strom.  Long 60-cycle arcs in air , 1946, Electrical Engineering.

[3]  V. V. Terzija,et al.  Long arc in free air: testing, modelling and parameter estimation. I , 2000, Ninth International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX441).

[4]  C. Chui,et al.  On compactly supported spline wavelets and a duality principle , 1992 .

[5]  Athanasios Papoulis,et al.  Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes , 1965 .

[6]  Ingrid Daubechies,et al.  Ten Lectures on Wavelets , 1992 .

[7]  M. Kizilcay,et al.  Digital simulation of fault arcs in power systems , 2007 .

[8]  I. Miller.  Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes , 1966 .

[9]  T. E. Browne.  The Electric Arc as a Circuit Element , 1955 .

[10]  Vladimir Terzija,et al.  A new approach to the arcing faults detection for fast autoreclosure in transmission systems , 1995 .

[11]  O. Mayr.  Beiträge zur Theorie des statischen und des dynamischen Lichtbogens , 1943 .

[12]  Donald G. Childers,et al.  Modern Spectrum Analysis , 1978 .

[13]  F. Harris.  On the use of windows for harmonic analysis with the discrete Fourier transform , 1978, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[14]  Vladimir Terzija,et al.  On the modeling of long arc in still air and arc resistance calculation , 2004 .

[15]  H.-J. Koglin,et al.  Long arc in free air: testing, modelling and parameter estimation. II , 2000, Ninth International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX441).

[16]  Vladimir Terzija,et al.  Time domain solution of fault distance estimation and arcing faults detection on overhead lines , 1999 .

[17]  A. T. Johns,et al.  Improved techniques for modelling fault arcs an faulted EHV transmission systems , 1994 .

[18]  Milenko B. Djurić,et al.  Multipurpose overhead lines protection algorithm , 1999 .