A 685 second orbital period from the X-ray source 4U 1820-30 in the globular cluster NGC 6624.

The discovery of a coherent 685 s periodicity in the X-ray source 4U 1820 -30, which is located in the globular cluster NGC 6624, is reported. The modulation has a peak-to-peak amplitude of up to 3 percent and was independently detected in three observations by the EXOSAT Observatory. This period is unlikely to represent the rotation of a neutron star, because accretion torques should cause it to change by at least 10 s/yr, but observations constrain any change to less than 0.4 s/yr. The period is thus identified as the orbital period of 4U 1820 - 30, the first to be found for a globular cluster X-ray source and the shortest yet identified for any binary system. In this compact system the mass-losing star is probably a low-mass (0.055 solar mass) helium white dwarf. 37 references.