Mechanical analysis of the healing of different osteotomies fixed externally

Abstract Under standard conditions the left tibia was osteotomised in nine sheep. The osteotomy was transverse in six, and oblique in three. The osteotomies were fixated using a strain-gauge-monitored unilateral external fixator. The fixation was rigid in three sheep with a transverse osteotomy (group 1) and also in three sheep with an oblique osteotomy (group 2). The fixation was dynamic in three sheep with a transverse osteotomy (group 3) using a roller-bearing mechanism allowing 1 mm of axial displacement. The bone callus stiffness increased progressively with time. One month after osteotomy the load force through the fixator in groups 1 and 2 was more than 20%, whereas the equivalent load force in group 3 was only about 5%.Résumé Avec un fixateur monolatéral instrumenté avec des jauges extensiométriques (strain gauges) on a étudié l’évolution des forces qui passent par le fixateur et la rigidité du cal de fracture chez neuf agneaux ayant trois types d’ostéotomies du tibia et des fixations différentes (I: ostéotomie transversale avec fixation rigide; II: ostéotomie oblique avec fixation rigide; III: ostéotomie transversale avec fixation dynamique. La rigidité du cal de fracture augmente progressivement dans les trois groupes alors que les forces qui passent par le fixateur diminuent. Après un mois, chez tous les animaux ayant un traitement rigide (groupe I et II) les forces qui passent par le fixateur sont supérieures à 20%, alors que dans le groupe III, à la même période, les forces moment sont approximativement de 5%.

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