Three-dimensional finite element method analysis of turbulent flow over self-propelled slender bodies

The three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved by a finite element method for three slender body conditions. The propeller is modeled by an actuator disk. A zonal turbulence model is used: an integrated turbulent, kinetic energy model in the core of the flow, a mixing-length formulation in the outer region, and a Prandtl wake model downstream of the strut. The turbulence model is incorporated into a modified version of the finite element code FIDAP. Predictions compare very favorably with wind tunnel experiments for the three conditions: self-propelled, 100% overthrust, and propulsion from an ideal-rotor. The swirl was better predicted than previous attempts at this problem. The multilayer turbulence model was essential to proper prediction of the main features of the flow.

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