PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS IN SYSTEM OF TOOLS

During machine tools operating (MT), the vibration represents destructive secondary results of the forces which are generated by the wear and the injury of the machine elements or of the chipping tools (CT). If these latter MT components are supervised, the elimination of the useless tools changing, the accuracy providing when operating, the recognition of some undesirable short time chipping working runs and the elimination of dead intervals can be performed. Generally, the transducers used in (CT) supervising are of piezoelectric type, one for each axis of three-dimensional system in the audio range and a fourth one installed on axis Z for measuring the “acoustic emission” (AE) in range 20…150 KHz, caused by the shear and plastic deformation of the material; the friction between the tool and the piece, respectively the variable contact surface. The