Japanese adult male voxel phantom constructed on the basis of CT images.

A Japanese adult male voxel (volume pixel) phantom (hereinafter referred to as the JM phantom) was constructed on the basis of CT images of a healthy Japanese adult male volunteer. Body characteristics of the JM phantom were compared with those of a voxelised MIRD5 type phantom and a Japanese adult male voxel phantom which was previously developed. The voxel size of the JM phantom is 0.98 x 0.98 x 1 mm(3). The shapes of the organs of the JM phantom, even for small or complicated organs, such as thyroid and stomach, are more realistically reproduced as compared with the previous Japanese voxel phantom (voxel size: 0.98 x 0.98 x 10 mm(3)). Photon self-absorbed fractions (self-AFs) for brain, kidneys, spleen, pancreas, thyroid and urinary bladder wall of JM were evaluated and were compared with those of the other phantoms. In consequence, it was suggested that the mass, shape and thickness of organs are important factors for the determination of self-AFs.

[1]  Sakae Kinase,et al.  Evaluation of specific absorbed fractions in voxel phantoms using Monte Carlo simulation. , 2003, Radiation protection dosimetry.

[2]  M Zankl,et al.  Construction of a computed tomographic phantom for a Japanese male adult and dose calculation system , 2001, Radiation and environmental biophysics.

[3]  M. Zankl,et al.  Voxel Anthropomorphic Models as a Tool for Internal Dosimetry , 1998 .

[4]  A. Bozkurt,et al.  VIP-MAN: AN IMAGE-BASED WHOLE-BODY ADULT MALE MODEL CONSTRUCTED FROM COLOR PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE VISIBLE HUMAN PROJECT FOR MULTI-PARTICLE MONTE CARLO CALCULATIONS , 2000, Health physics.

[5]  M Berman,et al.  A schema for absorbed-dose calculations for biologically-distributed radionuclides. , 1968, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[6]  M G Stabin,et al.  PHOTON SPECIFIC ABSORBED FRACTIONS CALCULATED IN THE TRUNK OF AN ADULT MALE VOXEL-BASED PHANTOM , 2002, Health physics.

[7]  Masahiro Terabe,et al.  An EGS4 user code with voxel geometry and a voxel phantom generation system , 2000 .

[8]  N Petoussi-Henss,et al.  ADULT FEMALE VOXEL MODELS OF DIFFERENT STATURE AND PHOTON CONVERSION COEFFICIENTS FOR RADIATION PROTECTION , 2004, Health physics.

[9]  M. Zankl,et al.  The adult male voxel model ”Golem” segmented from whole-body CT patient data , 2001, Radiation and environmental biophysics.

[10]  D. Rogers,et al.  EGS4 code system , 1985 .

[11]  W. S. Snyder,et al.  Estimates of absorbed fractions for monoenergetic photon sources uniformly distributed in various organs of a heterogeneous phantom. , 1974, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[12]  P. Dimbylow.  FDTD calculations of the whole-body averaged SAR in an anatomically realistic voxel model of the human body from 1 MHz to 1 GHz. , 1997, Physics in medicine and biology.

[13]  N Petoussi-Henss,et al.  The application of voxel phantoms to the internal dosimetry of radionuclides. , 2003, Radiation protection dosimetry.

[14]  J. Valentin.  Basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: reference values , 2002, Annals of the ICRP.

[15]  G Drexler,et al.  The construction of computer tomographic phantoms and their application in radiology and radiation protection , 1988, Radiation and environmental biophysics.