Factors affecting the design of tourism bus services.

Abstract The paper explores the design of tourism bus networks at destinations. It analyzes the findings from indepth interviews with 51 practitioners currently involved in the provision of buses for tourism purposes in the United Kingdom. The study suggests that a more comprehensive approach to such buses needs to be grounded in market understanding and accounting for the differences between utility and recreational trips. It argues that the tourist seeks a tourism experience and that this should be integral to the design of bus provision in order to encourage a modal shift from the private car. A model derived from the review of the literature and fieldwork is presented.

[1]  Maryam Khan,et al.  ECOSERV Ecotourists' Quality Expectations , 2003 .

[2]  William L. Miller,et al.  Using Codes and Code Manuals: A Template Organizing Style of Interpretation , 1999 .

[3]  David M. Holding,et al.  Achieving a balance between “carrots” and “sticks” for traffic in National Parks: the Bayerischer Wald project , 1998 .

[4]  Lisa J. Molnar,et al.  Importance of scenic byways in route choice: a survey of driving tourists in the United States , 2002 .

[5]  P Huntley GETTING BACK ON BOARD , 1999 .

[6]  B. Crabtree,et al.  Doing Qualitative Research , 1999 .

[7]  Richard G. Walsh,et al.  Recreation Economic Decisions Comparing Benefits and Costs , 1986 .

[8]  K. Eisenhardt Building theories from case study research , 1989, STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI.

[9]  Matthew B. Miles,et al.  Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook , 1994 .

[10]  J. Chew Transport and tourism in the year 2000 , 1987 .

[11]  Bryan Matthews,et al.  Research challenges in urban transport policy , 2003 .

[12]  D. Hall Conceptualising tourism transport: inequality and externality issues , 1999 .

[13]  Janet Dickinson,et al.  Journeys to heritage attractions in the UK: a case study of National Trust property visitors in the south west , 2004 .

[14]  Erlet Cater,et al.  Tourism the State of the Art , 1996 .

[15]  The determinants of day excursion coach travel: a qualitative marketing analysis. , 1999 .

[16]  Susanne Becken,et al.  Energy use associated with different travel choices , 2003 .

[17]  Kevin Cullinane,et al.  Attitudes towards traffic problems and public transport in the Dartmoor and Lake District National Parks , 1999 .

[18]  R. Riley Prestige-worthy tourism behavior , 1995 .

[19]  Susanne Becken,et al.  Analysing International Tourist Flows to Estimate Energy Use Associated with Air Travel , 2002 .

[20]  L. Lumsdon Transport and Tourism: Cycle Tourism – A Model for Sustainable Development? , 2000 .

[21]  Aylin Orbasli,et al.  Tourists in Historic Towns: Urban Conservation and Heritage Management , 2000 .

[22]  P. Downward,et al.  Transport for Tourism: Can Public Transport Encourage a Modal Shift in the Day Visitor Market? , 2006 .

[23]  L. Spencer,et al.  Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research , 2002 .

[24]  John Adams,et al.  Can technology save us , 1996 .

[25]  Susan Hanson,et al.  OFF THE ROAD?: REFLECTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION GEOGRAPHY IN THE INFORMATION AGE , 1998 .

[26]  B. Bramwell,et al.  Tourism Collaboration and Partnerships: Politics, Practice and Sustainability , 2000 .

[27]  B. Bramwell,et al.  Collaboration and Partnerships in Tourism Planning , 2000 .

[28]  R. Dowling Practising responsible tourism: International case studies in tourism planning, policy and development , 1997 .

[29]  A. Strauss,et al.  Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. , 1992 .

[30]  Stephen J. Page,et al.  Transport for Tourism , 1994 .

[31]  Chris Ryan,et al.  Researching Tourist Satisfaction: Issues, Concepts, Problems , 1994 .

[32]  Abigail L. Bristow,et al.  ROAD PRICING IN NATIONAL PARKS: A CASE STUDY IN THE YORKSHIRE DALES NATIONAL PARK , 2000 .

[33]  Ilan Salomon,et al.  How Derived is the Demand for Travel? Some Conceptual and Measurement Considerations , 2001 .

[34]  Graham R. Gibbs,et al.  Analyzing Qualitative Data , 2014 .

[35]  B. Prideaux The role of the transport system in destination development , 2000 .

[36]  Peter Nijkamp,et al.  Social change and sustainable transport , 1997 .

[37]  R. Sharpley Tourism and Sustainable Development: Exploring the Theoretical Divide , 2000 .

[38]  Julian Hine,et al.  SEAMLESS, ACCESSIBLE TRAVEL: USERS' VIEWS OF THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT JOURNEY AND INTERCHANGE , 2000 .

[39]  Gordon Stokes,et al.  Rural Transport Policy , 1998 .

[40]  D. Getz Tourism planning and destination life cycle , 1992 .

[41]  B. Edvardsson,et al.  A content analysis of complaints and compliments , 2003 .

[42]  Karl Georg Høyer,et al.  Sustainable Tourism or Sustainable Mobility? The Norwegian Case , 2000 .

[43]  The market for rural tourism in North and Central Portugal : A benefit-segmentation approach , 2002 .

[44]  G. Richards,et al.  Tourism and Sustainable Community Development , 2000 .