Effect of environmental conditions on sun-induced fluorescence in a mixed forest and a 1 cropland 2 3

Effect of environmental conditions on sun-induced fluorescence in a mixed forest and a 1 cropland 2 3 Eugénie Paul-Limoges, Alexander Damm, Andreas Hueni, Frank Liebisch, Werner 4 Eugster, Michael E. Schaepman, Nina Buchmann 5 6 1 Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland 7 2 Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland 8 9 3 Department of Surface Waters – Research and Management, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science 10 and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland 11 12 * Corresponding author. E-mail address: eugenie.paul-limoges@geog.uzh.ch 13 14 Abstract 15 Due to the large carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes between terrestrial ecosystems and the 16 atmosphere, dynamics of photosynthesis can have significant effects on atmospheric CO2 17 concentrations and lead to large uncertainties in ecosystem C budgets. Remote sensing 18 approaches using sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) hold the potential to directly assess 19 ecosystem photosynthesis. However, many challenges remain linked to using the SIF emission 20 signal to estimate gross primary production (GPP). The goal of this study was to gain a better 21 understanding of the relationships between GPP and SIF over different time scales (minutes to 22 years) and under varying environmental conditions. Two different ecosystems were investigated, 23 a cropland and a mixed forest, with continuous eddy covariance flux measurements. Continuous 24 tower-based SIF retrievals were performed in 2015 and 2016 at both ecosystems. 25 In both ecosystems, SIF was found to be more affected by environmental conditions than 26 GPP. Annual cycles for GPP and SIF differed at the mixed forest due in part to the influence of 27 the different footprint size of the two independent measurements. Diurnal cycles in GPP and SIF 28 corresponded well under unstressed conditions and followed the incoming photosynthetic photon 29 flux density (PPFD). However, depressions in SIF were found at both sites either at midday or in 30 This document is the accepted manuscript version of the following article: Paul-Limoges, E., Damm, A., Hueni, A., Liebisch, F., Eugster, W., Schaepman, M. E., & Buchmann, N. (2018). Effect of environmental conditions on sun-induced fluorescence in a mixed forest and a cropland. Remote Sensing of Environment, 219, 310-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.10.018

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