Semi-Automatic Corpus Callosum Segmentation and 3D Visualization Using Active Contour Methods

Accurate 3D computer models of the brain, and also of parts of its structure such as the corpus callosum (CC) are increasingly used in routine clinical diagnostics. This study presents comparative research to assess the utility and performance of three active contour methods (ACMs) for segmenting the CC from magnetic resonance (MR) images of the brain, namely: an edge-based active contour model using an inflation/deflation force with a damping coefficient (EM), the Selective Binary and Gaussian Filtering Regularized Level Set (SBGFRLS) method and the Distance Regularized Level Set Evolution (DRLSE) method. The pre-processing methods applied during research work were to improve the contrast, reduce noise and thus help segment the CC better. In this project, 3D CC models reconstructed based on the segmentations of cross-sections of MR images were also visualised. The results, as measured by quantitative tests of the similarity indice (SI) and overlap value (OV) are the best for the EM model (SI = 92%, OV = 82%) and are comparable to or better than those for other methods taken from a literature review. Furthermore, the properties of the EM model consisting in its ability to both expand and shrink at the same time allow segmentations to be better fitted in subsequent CC slices then in state-of-the art ACMs such as DRLSE or SBGFRLS. The CC contours from previous and subsequent iterations produced by the EM model can be used for initiation in subsequent or previous frames of MR images, which makes the segmentation process easier, particularly as the CC area can increase or decrease in subsequent MR image frames.