Silver Structures Produced by Microlithography

The observation of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces generally requires that the metal surface be roughened. Certainly all cases in which giant enhancement of 104–106 have been observed have been on roughened silver surfaces. In this chapter we shall discuss the use of lithographic techniques to produce controlled surface “roughness”. These surfaces consist of arrays of isolated submicron silver particles which are uniform in shape and size. Modern techniques of micro-lithography are used to produce these surfaces. With the help of these surfaces we are able to elucidate the mechanism responsible for SERS and can design the surface for maximum enhancement. We have, to date, found1 enhancements of 107 on such surfaces.

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