Insulin actions in vivo: glucose metabolism

Catheter techniques and tracer methodology employed for the study of glucose metabolism in vivo are presented in detail in order to define concepts, qualify interpretation, and outline limitations. Origin, total-body, and regional uptake and main intracellular routes of disposition for circulating glucose are described separately for the basal and fed state, with punctual indication of the action of insulin on these processes. The physiology of the glucose/insulin system is recapitulated into points of clinical interest. Keywords: glucose; insulin; insulin action; glucose production; glucose uptake; regional glucose clearance; capillary recruitment; substrate competition; fasting state; fed state; glucose tolerance

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