Doppler domain localization for collision avoidance in VANETs by using omnidirectional antennas

Vehicle-2-Vehicle safety applications using Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) radios allow automobiles to exchange Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) to avoid automotive collisions. Most of these applications rely on GPS and integrated on-board sensors to obtain the position and motion information that is transmitted in a BSM. In the event that the BSM contents are compromised (i.e. hacking), providing an alternative method to detect impending collisions is critical. This paper proposes a creative architecture that uses omni-directional antennas to achieve 3D localization and employs Doppler domain analysis to determine the threat of collision, without changing any existing DSRC protocols. Through rigorous mathematical modeling and simulations, the feasibility of this architecture can correctly predict a head-on collision with an accuracy up to 60.87% and an optimal false alarm rate as low as of 41.70%.

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