Application of calibrated HVAC system models to identify component malfunctions and to optimize the operation and control schedules

A calibrated Simplified Engineering Modeling method has been developed to diagnose malfunctioning HVAC components and to improve Operation and Control schedules. This method has been successfully applied to eight LoanSTAR buildings where over $1.5 million/yr in potential savings has been identified. This paper provides a systematic description of the method in the context of a case study.