The λ²-LMS algorithm for separating sinusoids using the intermediate-converged adaptive filter solution

A new procedure is proposed for automatically separating sinusoids of different, but unknown, frequencies, based only on the fact that they differ in amplitude. The procedure involves taking the intermediate solution from the LMS adaptive solution rather than the converged steady-state solution. In addition, a new algorithm which converges at a rate proportional to the squares of the signal eigenvalues is described and gives superior performance when taking the intermediate adaptive solution.