Effets des radiations sur des fibres optiques dopées erbium : influence de la composition

Nous avons etudie la sensibilite des fibres dopees erbium (EDF) sous irradiation et les defauts induits par celle-ci. Le premier chapitre presente l'etat de l'art sur les EDF sous irradiations ainsi que les defauts generes dans la silice par les radiations. Le deuxieme chapitre precise les types de radiations utilises et les moyens experimentaux mis en oeuvre pour caracteriser les reponses des fibres sous irradiation ainsi que les defauts a l'origine des pertes. Dans le troisieme chapitre, nous presentons la reponse de plusieurs fibres dopees erbium irradiees aux rayons gamma, protons et rayons X pulses. Les fibres dopees erbium et aluminium presentent des pertes induites par radiation plus elevees que les fibres classiques de transmission des telecommunications (SMF28) ou celles dopees erbium avec peu d'aluminium. Le presence de l'aluminium dans la composition du coeur des fibres dopees erbium est en grande partie responsable des pertes induites. Quelque soit le type d'irradiation, les defauts crees par l'irradiation sont lies a la matrice hote. Nos etudes montrent aussi que l'erbium n'est affecte qu'a travers son interaction avec les defauts crees. Le quatrieme chapitre traite des EDF sous insolation UV et montre que les UV conduisent aux memes effets que les rayons gamma. Le dernier chapitre presente, quant a lui, l'etude des amplificateurs optiques sous irradiation gamma

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