Laser generated ultrasound at modified metal surfaces

Abstract A study has been made of the ultrasonic pulses generated at modified metal surfaces by laser irradiation. Both longitudinal and shear acoustic modes have been investigated, generation at modified and free surfaces being compared. The use of a Q -switched Nd: YAG laser enabled experiments to be carried out at optical power densities above and below the threshold for plasma formation. Qualitative models of the acoustic sources existing in each case are proposed, which explain the experimental effects of surface modification; these include the observed changes in generation efficiency and longitudinal directivity.