Electronic simulation of electrical power system loads

A discussion of various approaches to modelling the bulk load as seen at a high voltage bus of an electric power system leads to a mathematical model and an analogue representation suitable for an Electronic Power System Simulator. The load is represented as real and reactive power as a non-linear function of voltage, a linear function of frequency and a real power component to represent mechanical inertia. The model features a novel amplitude detector and phase-locked loops to measure the frequency at the load terminals. Application of the load model to an example transient stability study shows the considerable effect that load characteristics may have on critical clearing times and system oscillation damping.