lndependent Genetic Control of Maize Starch-Branching

In maize (Zea mays L.) three isoforms of starch-branching enzyme (SBEI, SBElla, and SBEllb) are involved in the synthesis of amylopectin, the branched component of starch. To isolate a cDNA encoding SBElla, degenerate oligonucleotides based on domains highly conserved in Sbe2 family members were used to amplify SbeZ-family cDNA from tissues lacking SBEllb activity. l h e predicted amino acid sequence of a SbeZa cDNA matches the N-terminal sequence of SBElla protein purified from maize endosperm. l h e size of the mature protein deduced from the cDNA also matches that of SBElla. Features of the predicted protein are most similar to members of the SBEll family; however, it differs from maize SBEllb in having a 49-amino acid N-terminal extension and a region of substantial sequence divergence. SbePa mRNA levels are 1 O-fold higher in embryonic than in endosperm tissue, and are much lower than SbeZb in both tissues. Unlike SbeZb, SbeZa-hybridizing mRNA accumulates in leaf and other vegetative tissues, consistent with the known distribution of SBElla and SBEllb activities.

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