Optical resonator biosensors: molecular diagnostic and nanoparticle detection on an integrated platform.

Optical resonator biosensors are emerging as one of the most sensitive microsystem biodetection technology that does not require amplification or labeling of the analyte. This minireview provides a scholarly introduction to this research area and reviews current advances in molecular diagnostics and nanoparticle detection.

[1]  Stephen Holler,et al.  Plasmonic enhancement of a whispering-gallery-mode biosensor for single nanoparticle detection , 2011 .

[2]  Adam L. Washburn,et al.  Quantitative, label-free detection of five protein biomarkers using multiplexed arrays of silicon photonic microring resonators. , 2010, Analytical chemistry.

[3]  M Sumetsky,et al.  Super free spectral range tunable optical microbubble resonator. , 2010, Optics letters.

[4]  Jonathan Ward,et al.  Single-input spherical microbubble resonator. , 2011, Optics letters.

[5]  T. Carmon,et al.  Surface optomechanics: calculating optically excited acoustical whispering gallery modes in microspheres. , 2011, Optics express.

[6]  S. Ozdemir,et al.  Detecting single viruses and nanoparticles using whispering gallery microlasers. , 2011, Nature nanotechnology.

[7]  Xudong Fan,et al.  Analysis of single nanoparticle detection by using 3-dimensionally confined optofluidic ring resonators , 2010, Asia Communications and Photonics Conference and Exhibition.

[8]  Xudong Fan,et al.  On the performance quantification of resonant refractive index sensors. , 2008, Optics express.

[9]  D. Braun,et al.  Multiplexed DNA quantification by spectroscopic shift of two microsphere cavities. , 2003, Biophysical journal.

[10]  Andrea M. Armani,et al.  Bioconjugation Strategies for Microtoroidal Optical Resonators , 2010, Sensors.

[11]  Gun Yong Sung,et al.  Design and Fabrication of Tb $^{3+}$-Doped Silicon Oxy-Nitride Microdisk for Biosensor Applications , 2011, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[12]  Dieter Braun,et al.  Protein detection by optical shift of a resonant microcavity , 2002 .

[13]  Stephen Arnold,et al.  Enhancing sensitivity of a whispering gallery mode biosensor by subwavelength confinement , 2006 .

[14]  M. Snyder,et al.  Protein chip technology. , 2003, Current opinion in chemical biology.

[15]  S. Arnold,et al.  Single virus detection from the reactive shift of a whispering-gallery mode , 2008, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[16]  Hong Cai,et al.  Optical manipulation and transport of microparticles on silicon nitride microring-resonator-based add-drop devices. , 2010, Optics letters.

[17]  Joachim Knittel,et al.  Interferometric detection of mode splitting for whispering gallery mode biosensors , 2010, 1009.3329.

[18]  R. Baets,et al.  Silicon-on-Insulator microring resonator for sensitive and label-free biosensing. , 2007, Optics express.

[19]  Larry R. Dalton,et al.  Fabrication and Replication of Polymer Integrated Optical Devices Using Electron-Beam Lithography and Soft Lithography † , 2004 .

[20]  S. Arnold,et al.  Resonance shifts of counterpropagating whispering-gallery modes: degenerate perturbation theory and application to resonator sensors with axial symmetry , 2009 .

[21]  Peter Horak,et al.  Optical microfiber coil resonator refractometric sensor. , 2007, Optics express.

[22]  David Erickson,et al.  A multiplexed optofluidic biomolecular sensor for low mass detection. , 2009, Lab on a chip.

[23]  Ethan Schonbrun,et al.  Optical manipulation with planar silicon microring resonators. , 2010, Nano letters.

[24]  Frank Vollmer,et al.  High-Q microsphere biosensor - analysis for adsorption of rodlike bacteria. , 2007, Optics express.

[25]  Rajan P Kulkarni,et al.  Label-Free, Single-Molecule Detection with Optical Microcavities , 2007, Science.

[26]  David Erickson,et al.  Optofluidic ring resonator switch for optical particle transport. , 2010, Lab on a chip.

[27]  Q. Gong,et al.  Polarization-dependent detection of cylinder nanoparticles with mode splitting in a high-Q whispering-gallery microresonator , 2010 .

[28]  John Gohring,et al.  SERS-based detection in an optofluidic ring resonator platform. , 2007, Optics express.

[29]  Lan Yang,et al.  Ultrasensitive detection of mode splitting in active optical microcavities , 2010, 1007.0385.

[30]  Anatoliy A. Savchenkov,et al.  Whispering-gallery-mode resonators as frequency references. I. Fundamental limitations , 2007 .

[31]  L. C. Gunn,et al.  Label-free quantitation of a cancer biomarker in complex media using silicon photonic microring resonators. , 2009, Analytical chemistry.

[32]  Y. Yi,et al.  Higher-order optical resonance node detection of integrated disk microresonator. , 2011, Optics letters.

[33]  Tomoyuki Yoshie,et al.  Optical Microcavity: Sensing down to Single Molecules and Atoms , 2011, Sensors.

[34]  S. Arnold,et al.  Whispering-gallery-mode biosensing: label-free detection down to single molecules , 2008, Nature Methods.

[35]  Muzammil Iqbal,et al.  Label-Free Biosensor Arrays Based on Silicon Ring Resonators and High-Speed Optical Scanning Instrumentation , 2010, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[36]  Stephen Arnold,et al.  Theory of resonance shifts in TE and TM whispering gallery modes by nonradial perturbations for sensing applications , 2006 .

[37]  Zheng-Fu Han,et al.  Fabrication of high-Q polydimethylsiloxane optical microspheres for thermal sensing , 2009 .

[38]  Martin Dufva,et al.  Fabrication of high quality microarrays. , 2005, Biomolecular engineering.

[39]  Yan Li,et al.  Multiple-Rayleigh-scatterer-induced mode splitting in a high-Q whispering-gallery-mode microresonator , 2011 .

[40]  Xudong Fan,et al.  Liquid-core optical ring-resonator sensors. , 2006, Optics letters.

[41]  Chung-Yen Chao,et al.  Biochemical sensors based on polymer microrings with sharp asymmetrical resonance , 2003 .

[42]  P. Fauchet,et al.  Two-dimensional silicon photonic crystal based biosensing platform for protein detection. , 2007, Optics express.

[43]  M. Gorodetsky,et al.  Ultimate Q of optical microsphere resonators. , 1996, Optics letters.

[44]  Lan Yang,et al.  On-chip single nanoparticle detection and sizing by mode splitting in an ultrahigh- Q microresonator , 2010 .

[45]  Bernhard Kaltenboeck,et al.  Advances in Real‐Time PCR: Application to Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics , 2005, Advances in Clinical Chemistry.

[46]  K. Vahala,et al.  High sensitivity nanoparticle detection using optical microcavities , 2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[47]  S. Arnold,et al.  Shift of whispering-gallery modes in microspheres by protein adsorption. , 2003, Optics letters.

[48]  Melik C. Demirel,et al.  Nanoparticle-based protein detection by optical shift of a resonant microcavity , 2002, 1108.2337.

[49]  John Gohring,et al.  Detection of HER2 breast cancer biomarker using the opto-fluidic ring resonator biosensor , 2010 .

[50]  D. Keng,et al.  Nanolayer characterization through wavelength multiplexing of a microsphere resonator , 2005 .

[51]  R. Windeler,et al.  Optical microbubble resonator. , 2010, Optics letters.

[52]  R. Windeler,et al.  Optical liquid ring resonator sensor. , 2007, Optics express.

[53]  Chul Huh,et al.  Label-free optical biosensing using a horizontal air-slot SiNx microdisk resonator. , 2010, Optics express.

[54]  A. Yariv,et al.  Soft lithography replica molding of critically coupled polymer microring resonators , 2004, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[55]  S. Arnold,et al.  Whispering Gallery Mode Carousel--a photonic mechanism for enhanced nanoparticle detection in biosensing. , 2009, Optics express.

[56]  Lan Yang,et al.  Observation and characterization of mode splitting in microsphere resonators in aquatic environment , 2011, 1103.2398.

[57]  Hongying Zhu,et al.  Analysis of biomolecule detection with optofluidic ring resonator sensors. , 2007, Optics express.

[58]  Hanlee P. Ji,et al.  The MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC) project shows inter- and intraplatform reproducibility of gene expression measurements. , 2006, Nature biotechnology.

[59]  Jordi Martorell,et al.  Whispering gallery microresonators for second harmonic light generation from a low number of small molecules , 2011, Nature communications.

[60]  K. Vahala Optical microcavities : Photonic technologies , 2003 .

[61]  Optical forces due to spherical microresonators and their manifestation in optically induced orbital motion of nanoparticles , 2011 .

[62]  Huidong Shi,et al.  Label-free DNA methylation analysis using opto-fluidic ring resonators. , 2010, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[63]  F. Vollmer,et al.  Photoinduced transformations in bacteriorhodopsin membrane monitored with optical microcavities. , 2007, Biophysical journal.

[64]  S. Arnold,et al.  Whispering gallery mode bio-sensor for label-free detection of single molecules: thermo-optic vs. reactive mechanism. , 2010, Optics express.

[65]  Stephen Arnold,et al.  Detection of protein orientation on the silica microsphere surface using transverse electric/transverse magnetic whispering gallery modes. , 2007, Biophysical journal.

[66]  Adam L. Washburn,et al.  Sensitive on-chip detection of a protein biomarker in human serum and plasma over an extended dynamic range using silicon photonic microring resonators and sub-micron beads. , 2011, Lab on a chip.

[67]  Hongying Zhu,et al.  Label-free quantitative DNA detection using the liquid core optical ring resonator. , 2008, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[68]  Luca Dal Negro,et al.  Self-referenced photonic molecule bio(chemical)sensor. , 2010, Optics letters.