Shaking table test and numerical analysis of offshore wind turbine tower systems controlled by TLCD

A wind turbine system equipped with a tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) is comprehensively studied via shaking table tests using a 1/13-scaled model. The effects of wind and wave actions are considered by inputting response-equivalent accelerations on the shaking table. The test results show that the control effect of the TLCD system is significant in reducing the responses under both wind-wave equivalent loads and ground motions, but obviously varies for different inputs. Further, a blade-hub-tower integrated numerical model for the wind turbine system is established. The model is capable of considering the rotational effect of blades by combining Kane’s equation with the finite element method. The responses of the wind tower equipped with TLCD devices are numerically obtained and compared to the test results, showing that under both controlled and uncontrolled conditions with and without blades’ rotation, the corresponding responses exhibit good agreement. This demonstrates that the proposed numerical model performs well in capturing the wind-wave coupled response of the offshore wind turbine systems under control. Both numerical and experimental results show that the TLCD system can significantly reduce the structural response and thus improve the safety and serviceability of the offshore wind turbine tower systems. Additional issues that require further study are discussed.

[1]  Odd M. Faltinsen,et al.  Sea loads on ships and offshore structures , 1990 .

[2]  Seyed Amin Mousavi,et al.  Optimum geometry of tuned liquid column-gas damper for control of offshore jacket platform vibrations under seismic excitation , 2012, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration.

[3]  Jianbing Chen,et al.  Stochastic modeling of engineering dynamic excitations for stochastic dynamics of structures , 2012 .

[4]  Billie F. Spencer,et al.  Stochastic optimal control of wind-excited tall buildings using semi-active MR-TLCDs , 2004 .

[5]  Seyed Amin Mousavi,et al.  Optimum placement and characteristics of velocity-dependent dampers under seismic excitation , 2012, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration.

[6]  Li Jie.  Dynamic responses of offshore wind turbines subjected to random waves , 2011 .

[7]  Huang Kai,et al.  Dynamic Reliability Analysis of Offshore Wind Turbine Systems Considering Rotational Effect , 2012 .

[8]  Ervin Bossanyi,et al.  Wind Energy Handbook , 2001 .

[9]  Biswajit Basu,et al.  Along-wind response of a wind turbine tower with blade coupling subjected to rotationally sampled wind loading , 2005 .

[10]  Jianbing Chen,et al.  Stochastic Dynamics of Structures , 2009 .

[11]  Yongbo Peng,et al.  Probabilistic criteria of structural stochastic optimal controls , 2011 .

[12]  Geir Moe,et al.  Status, plans and technologies for offshore wind turbines in Europe and North America , 2009 .

[13]  Ding Wang,et al.  Physical random function model of ground motions for engineering purposes , 2011 .

[14]  Jie Li,et al.  Studies on seismic performances of the prestressed egg-shaped digester with shaking table test , 2007 .

[15]  Ove Ditlevsen,et al.  Stochastic model for joint wave and wind loads on offshore structures , 2002 .

[16]  N. Jenkins,et al.  Wind Energy Handbook: Burton/Wind Energy Handbook , 2011 .

[17]  R. Clough,et al.  Dynamics Of Structures , 1975 .

[18]  Chih-Chen Chang,et al.  CONTROL PERFORMANCE OF LIQUID COLUMN VIBRATION ABSORBERS , 1998 .

[19]  Jianbing Chen,et al.  The principle of preservation of probability and the generalized density evolution equation , 2008 .

[20]  Leonardo Dueñas-Osorio,et al.  Unavailability of wind turbines due to wind-induced accelerations , 2008 .

[21]  Biswajit Basu,et al.  Passive control of wind turbine vibrations including blade/tower interaction and rotationally sampled turbulence , 2008 .

[22]  Fahim Sadek,et al.  Single‐ and multiple‐tuned liquid column dampers for seismic applications , 1998 .

[23]  Martin Otto Laver Hansen,et al.  Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines , 2001 .

[24]  Li Jie,et al.  Experimental Study on Vibration Control of Offshore Wind Turbines Using a Ball Vibration Absorber , 2012 .

[25]  Seyed Amin Mousavi,et al.  Optimum parameters of tuned liquid column–gas damper for mitigation of seismic‐induced vibrations of offshore jacket platforms , 2013 .

[26]  M. O. Hansen.  Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines: second edition , 2008 .

[27]  Ahmed Elgamal,et al.  Experimental and Numerical Seismic Response of a 65 kW Wind Turbine , 2009 .

[28]  Mahdi Teimouri Sichani,et al.  Failure Probability Estimation of Wind Turbines by Enhanced Monte Carlo Method , 2012 .

[29]  Biswajit Basu,et al.  Tuned liquid column dampers in offshore wind turbines for structural control , 2009 .