Examining environmental management of e-waste: China's experience and lessons

The derived waste from electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE, or e-waste) has become a global issue in the areas of environmental pollution, resource recycling, and sustainable industry. China is not only the largest producer and consumer of EEE, but also the country seriously polluted from illegal e-waste importation and informal recycling. In the past decade, China demonstrated a whole process of e-waste adventure: from serious pollution in the start to regulation controlling in the present. Here, we specifically examine the past adventure of e-waste management related to legislation system, and seek to outline the lessons and gaps. The proposed corresponding suggestions of policy could contribute to future China's e-waste management and provide a valuable reference for other countries and regions.

[1]  Dabo Guan,et al.  China's toxic informal e-waste recycling:Local approaches to a global environmental problem , 2016 .

[2]  Jinhui Li,et al.  Regional or global WEEE recycling. Where to go? , 2013, Waste management.

[3]  Ming Xu,et al.  The stability and profitability of the informal WEEE collector in developing countries: A case study of China , 2016 .

[4]  Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah,et al.  Human dietary intake of organohalogen contaminants at e-waste recycling sites in Eastern China. , 2015, Environment international.

[5]  A. Lora-Wainwright,et al.  Exporting harm, scavenging value: transnational circuits of e‐waste between Japan, China and beyond , 2015 .

[6]  J. Schnoor,et al.  E-waste recycling: where does it go from here? , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[7]  Guibin Jiang,et al.  Temporal trends of PCBs, PCDD/Fs and PBDEs in soils from an E-waste dismantling area in East China. , 2013, Environmental science. Processes & impacts.

[8]  Vijay Kumar Garlapati,et al.  E-waste in India and developed countries: Management, recycling, business and biotechnological initiatives , 2016 .

[9]  Xianlai Zeng,et al.  The life cycle assessment of an e-waste treatment enterprise in China , 2013 .

[10]  Magdy Omar,et al.  E-Waste and Harm to Vulnerable Populations: A Growing Global Problem , 2015, Environmental health perspectives.

[11]  Yongxiang Yang,et al.  Recycling of metals from urban mines – a strategic evaluation , 2016 .

[12]  Ruediger Kuehr,et al.  E-waste in China: a country report , 2013 .

[13]  Xianlai Zeng,et al.  Uncovering the Recycling Potential of "New" WEEE in China. , 2016, Environmental science & technology.

[14]  Atsushi Terazono,et al.  E-waste recycling processes in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam: A case study of cathode ray tube TVs and monitors , 2016 .

[15]  Xianlai Zeng,et al.  Perspective of electronic waste management in China based on a legislation comparison between China and the EU , 2013 .

[16]  Gordon McKay,et al.  Waste printed circuit board recycling techniques and product utilization. , 2015, Journal of hazardous materials.

[17]  Jinhui Li,et al.  Ecodesign in Consumer Electronics: Past, Present, and Future , 2015 .

[18]  Xianlai Zeng,et al.  "Control-alt-delete": rebooting solutions for the E-waste problem. , 2015, Environmental science & technology.

[19]  Suthipong Sthiannopkao,et al.  Handling e-waste in developed and developing countries: initiatives, practices, and consequences. , 2013, The Science of the total environment.

[20]  Eric Williams,et al.  Environmental effects of information and communications technologies , 2011, Nature.

[21]  Oladele A. Ogunseitan,et al.  Evolution of electronic waste toxicity: Trends in innovation and regulation. , 2016, Environment international.

[22]  Zhenming Xu,et al.  Response to waste electrical and electronic equipments in China: legislation, recycling system, and advanced integrated process. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[23]  Wenyi Yuan,et al.  Characterization of residue from leached cathode ray tube funnel glass: reutilization as white carbon black , 2014 .

[24]  Lifeng Zhang,et al.  Metallurgical recovery of metals from electronic waste: a review. , 2008, Journal of hazardous materials.

[25]  Federica Cucchiella,et al.  Recycling of WEEEs: An economic assessment of present and future e-waste streams , 2015 .

[26]  Jinhui Li,et al.  Recycling metals from wastes: a novel application of mechanochemistry. , 2015, Environmental science & technology.

[27]  Yong Geng,et al.  An overview of e-waste management in China , 2015 .

[28]  S. Maschio,et al.  Recycling Glass Cullet from Waste CRTs for the Production of High Strength Mortars , 2013 .

[29]  Zhenming Xu,et al.  Constructing environment-friendly return road of metals from e-waste: Combination of physical separation technologies , 2016 .

[30]  Gengui Zhou,et al.  Extended producer responsibility system in China improves e-waste recycling: Government policies, enterprise, and public awareness , 2016 .

[31]  Sunil Herat,et al.  Recycling of Cathode Ray Tubes (CRTs) in electronic waste , 2008 .

[32]  S Salhofer,et al.  WEEE management in Europe and China - A comparison. , 2016, Waste management.

[33]  Sadhan Kumar Ghosh,et al.  Waste electrical and electronic equipment management and Basel Convention compliance in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) nations , 2016, Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA.

[34]  Oladele A. Ogunseitan,et al.  The Electronics Revolution: From E-Wonderland to E-Wasteland , 2009, Science.

[35]  Lili Liu,et al.  Development potential of e-waste recycling industry in China , 2015, Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA.

[36]  Bo Liu,et al.  Challenges in legislation, recycling system and technical system of waste electrical and electronic equipment in China. , 2015, Waste management.

[37]  Chuanguo Zhang,et al.  The impact of ICT industry on CO2 emissions: A regional analysis in China , 2015 .

[38]  Bin Zhao,et al.  Determination of dechlorane flame retardants in soil and fish at Guiyu, an electronic waste recycling site in south China. , 2015, Environmental pollution.

[39]  Guibin Jiang,et al.  Bioconcentration and trophic transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in aquatic animals from an e-waste dismantling area in East China. , 2015, Environmental science. Processes & impacts.

[40]  Zhenming Xu,et al.  The status and development of treatment techniques of typical waste electrical and electronic equipment in China: A review , 2014, Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA.

[41]  Jinhui Li,et al.  A review on human health consequences of metals exposure to e-waste in China. , 2015, Environmental pollution.

[42]  Annamalai Subramanian,et al.  Environmental contamination and human exposure to dioxin-related compounds in e-waste recycling sites of developing countries. , 2013, Environmental science. Processes & impacts.

[43]  Lili Liu,et al.  Systematic characterization of generation and management of e-waste in China , 2015, Environmental Science and Pollution Research.

[44]  Xianlai Zeng,et al.  Solving spent lithium-ion battery problems in China: Opportunities and challenges , 2015 .

[45]  Devin Perkins,et al.  E-waste: a global hazard. , 2014, Annals of global health.